“新俄羅斯思想”：俄羅斯軟權(quán)力的根本性資源
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-02 10:44
【摘要】： 軟權(quán)力是國家權(quán)力的重要組成部分,在大國競爭中扮演著越來越重要的角色。文章首先從“權(quán)力”概念開始,通過從權(quán)力的資源、權(quán)力的作用方式和權(quán)力的效果等三個(gè)方面對軟權(quán)力特性的界定,得出軟權(quán)力的更加明確、具體且有可操作性的定義。文章進(jìn)而指出,政治價(jià)值觀是對一國軟權(quán)力具有根本性意義的資源。政治價(jià)值觀決定國家的發(fā)展道路和制度設(shè)計(jì),如果得到本國人民和其他國家的認(rèn)可,對內(nèi)維系國家認(rèn)同,統(tǒng)合社會各個(gè)階層和民族,對外可以轉(zhuǎn)化為吸引力,為人效仿和追隨。 在第三章,詳細(xì)闡述對俄羅斯國家軟權(quán)力的提升乃至國家的復(fù)興有著關(guān)鍵意義的“新俄羅斯思想”。它由普京提出,近十年來已然成為俄羅斯事實(shí)上的官方價(jià)值觀�！靶隆弊直砻髁诉@一概念的歷史繼承性。在俄語中,“俄羅斯思想”是一個(gè)有著特殊涵義的概念,盡管它出自19世紀(jì)末的俄國知識分子筆下,卻可說是貫穿俄羅斯民族和國家全部歷史的一條線索�！岸砹_斯思想”實(shí)質(zhì)是俄羅斯民族的自我定位。對俄羅斯人來說,求解這一問題的難處在于俄羅斯特殊的地理位置,在這里,東方與西方兩種力量永遠(yuǎn)在相互角力,每當(dāng)國家發(fā)展走到轉(zhuǎn)型的十字路口,這一問題總會被重新提出。在經(jīng)過了蘇聯(lián)解體和隨后代價(jià)巨大的西方化改革之后,俄羅斯再次身處必須做出選擇的處境,“新俄羅斯思想”應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。實(shí)用主義的普京從傳統(tǒng)的俄羅斯價(jià)值觀中提取出了愛國主義、強(qiáng)國意識、國家主義和社會團(tuán)結(jié)四點(diǎn)。仔細(xì)考察普京的“新俄羅斯思想”,包括它的歷史資源和新意所在,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)它實(shí)際是俄羅斯傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀與人類普遍價(jià)值觀的一個(gè)結(jié)合體,是西方發(fā)達(dá)國家發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)與俄羅斯歷史文化傳統(tǒng)特別是近十年改革經(jīng)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物。 文章隨后考察了普京以來俄羅斯官方在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、外交和意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域的政策、言論。作為軟權(quán)力根本性資源的“新俄羅斯思想”不僅凝聚起原本一盤散沙似的俄羅斯社會,而且在前述四個(gè)方面深刻的影響了俄羅斯的國家發(fā)展道路。
[Abstract]:Soft power is an important part of state power and plays a more and more important role in the competition of great powers. This paper begins with the concept of "power", defines the characteristics of soft power from three aspects: the resources of power, the mode of action of power and the effect of power, and obtains a clearer, more specific and operable definition of soft power. The article further points out that political values are resources of fundamental significance to a country's soft power. Political values determine the development path and system design of a country. If it is recognized by its own people and other countries, it can maintain the national identity at home, integrate all social strata and nationalities, and can be transformed into attraction, imitated and followed by others. In the third chapter, the "New Russian thought", which is of key significance to the promotion of soft power and the rejuvenation of the Russian state, is elaborated in detail. It was proposed by Mr Putin and has become a de facto official Russian value for nearly a decade. The word "new" shows the historical inheritance of the concept. In Russian, "Russian thought" is a concept with special meaning. Although it is written by Russian intellectuals at the end of the 19th century, it can be said to be a clue running through the whole history of Russian nation and state. The essence of Russian thought is the self-orientation of the Russian nation. For the Russians, the difficulty in solving this problem lies in the special geographical location of Russia, where the East and the West are always wrestling with each other, whenever the country moves to the crossroads of transition. The question will always be raised again. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the costly Westernization reform, Russia was again in a position of having to make a choice, and "New Russian thought" came into being. Pragmatist Putin extracted four points from traditional Russian values: patriotism, sense of power, nationalism and social solidarity. By carefully examining Putin's "New Russia thought", including its historical resources and new ideas, we find that it is actually a combination of Russian traditional values and universal human values. It is the product of the development experience of the western developed countries and the Russian historical and cultural tradition, especially the experience of reform in the past ten years. The article then examines Putin's official policies and comments in the political, economic, foreign and ideological spheres since Putin. As a fundamental resource of soft power, the "New Russian thought" not only condenses the originally scattered Russian society, but also profoundly influences Russia's national development road in the above-mentioned four aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D751.2
本文編號：2159173
[Abstract]:Soft power is an important part of state power and plays a more and more important role in the competition of great powers. This paper begins with the concept of "power", defines the characteristics of soft power from three aspects: the resources of power, the mode of action of power and the effect of power, and obtains a clearer, more specific and operable definition of soft power. The article further points out that political values are resources of fundamental significance to a country's soft power. Political values determine the development path and system design of a country. If it is recognized by its own people and other countries, it can maintain the national identity at home, integrate all social strata and nationalities, and can be transformed into attraction, imitated and followed by others. In the third chapter, the "New Russian thought", which is of key significance to the promotion of soft power and the rejuvenation of the Russian state, is elaborated in detail. It was proposed by Mr Putin and has become a de facto official Russian value for nearly a decade. The word "new" shows the historical inheritance of the concept. In Russian, "Russian thought" is a concept with special meaning. Although it is written by Russian intellectuals at the end of the 19th century, it can be said to be a clue running through the whole history of Russian nation and state. The essence of Russian thought is the self-orientation of the Russian nation. For the Russians, the difficulty in solving this problem lies in the special geographical location of Russia, where the East and the West are always wrestling with each other, whenever the country moves to the crossroads of transition. The question will always be raised again. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the costly Westernization reform, Russia was again in a position of having to make a choice, and "New Russian thought" came into being. Pragmatist Putin extracted four points from traditional Russian values: patriotism, sense of power, nationalism and social solidarity. By carefully examining Putin's "New Russia thought", including its historical resources and new ideas, we find that it is actually a combination of Russian traditional values and universal human values. It is the product of the development experience of the western developed countries and the Russian historical and cultural tradition, especially the experience of reform in the past ten years. The article then examines Putin's official policies and comments in the political, economic, foreign and ideological spheres since Putin. As a fundamental resource of soft power, the "New Russian thought" not only condenses the originally scattered Russian society, but also profoundly influences Russia's national development road in the above-mentioned four aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D751.2
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