本文選題：印度政黨政治 + 發(fā)展　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2005年博士論文

【摘要】：印度在獨(dú)立后,形成了資本主義議會(huì)民主制下罕見的“一黨獨(dú)大制”,到20世紀(jì)80年代末期,印度政黨體制開始轉(zhuǎn)型,多黨競(jìng)爭(zhēng)聯(lián)合政府成為政黨運(yùn)作的主要形式。在印度政黨政治發(fā)展過程中,國(guó)大黨起了決定性作用,在某種程度上說,國(guó)大黨的力量左右了印度各黨派勢(shì)力的對(duì)比情況,推動(dòng)了印度政黨政治的新發(fā)展。國(guó)大黨的興衰沉浮折射了印度政黨政治的發(fā)展歷程,其經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)值得研究。 本文從國(guó)大黨的興衰與印度政黨政治發(fā)展的關(guān)系出發(fā),主要研究國(guó)大黨的興衰成敗的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)及其對(duì)印度政黨政治發(fā)展進(jìn)程的影響,探索印度政黨政治發(fā)展趨勢(shì),總結(jié)現(xiàn)代政黨執(zhí)政規(guī)律。政黨政治是一個(gè)相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng),涉及的內(nèi)容十分廣泛,要窮盡其全部?jī)?nèi)容是一項(xiàng)很浩大的工程。本文主要研究在獨(dú)立后印度政黨政治發(fā)展的不同歷史階段,國(guó)大黨地位、作用變化的原因及影響,并從中探尋一個(gè)大黨、老黨興衰的若干規(guī)律性的東西。 第一章,印度政黨政治發(fā)展的主要影響因素。印度的政黨起源于殖民統(tǒng)治時(shí)期,在民族獨(dú)立過程中,處于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的國(guó)大黨成為印度國(guó)家體制確立的直接推動(dòng)者。獨(dú)立后的印度,隨著現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,其政黨政治也隨著社會(huì)的變化而變化。政黨政治的發(fā)展是一個(gè)客觀歷史過程,是一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、社會(huì)等各種因素相互作用、相互制約的產(chǎn)物,印度也毫不例外。印度的政黨政治是從西方移植并在本國(guó)歷史、文化傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上形成的。影響印度政黨政治發(fā)展主要因素有歷史傳統(tǒng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治發(fā)展、種姓和宗教等。這些因素既具有歷史客觀性,同時(shí)也與國(guó)大黨政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、種姓和宗教政策密不可分。 第二章,國(guó)大黨的興盛與國(guó)大黨體制的建立。獨(dú)立后印度政黨政治發(fā)展的第一階段形成了“一黨獨(dú)大制”的局面,國(guó)大黨“一統(tǒng)天下”,一黨占?jí)旱剐詢?yōu)勢(shì),成為印度政黨體制形成最重要的標(biāo)記。由此,這一時(shí)期印度政黨政治表現(xiàn)出鮮明的特點(diǎn):多黨林立、一黨獨(dú)大,三權(quán)分立、執(zhí)政黨大權(quán)獨(dú)攬,黨政關(guān)系協(xié)調(diào)以及具有強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人色彩等。 第三章,國(guó)大黨逐漸衰落與印度政黨體制的演變。國(guó)大黨長(zhǎng)達(dá)40年的執(zhí)政過程中,在積存的一系列內(nèi)外危機(jī)中逐步衰落,印度的政黨政治也逐漸由國(guó)大黨的一黨獨(dú)大制向真正的多黨競(jìng)爭(zhēng)制過渡。印度政黨體制的轉(zhuǎn)換是一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過程,這一過程與國(guó)大黨的衰落是一致的。這一時(shí)期印度政黨政治發(fā)展表現(xiàn)出過渡時(shí)期的一些特征:國(guó)大黨的力量不斷削弱,印度各政黨圍繞國(guó)家政權(quán)和對(duì)國(guó)大黨的態(tài)度不斷分化、分裂和重新組合。印度政黨政治量變中出現(xiàn)部分質(zhì)變,主要表現(xiàn)在反對(duì)黨通過聯(lián)合行動(dòng)對(duì)執(zhí)政黨造成嚴(yán)重的威脅,以及邦級(jí)政府由多黨聯(lián)合掌權(quán)的趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:After independence, India formed the rare "one-party system" under the capitalist parliamentary democracy. By the late 1980s, India's political party system began to transform, and the multi-party competitive coalition government became the main form of political party operation. The Congress Party plays a decisive role in the development of Indian party politics. To a certain extent, the power of the Congress Party controls the contrast of the various parties in India and promotes the new development of Indian party politics. The rise and fall of the Congress Party reflects the development course of Indian party politics, and its experience and lessons are worth studying. Starting from the relationship between the rise and fall of the Congress Party and the political development of the Indian party, this paper mainly studies the experience and lessons of the success or failure of the Congress Party and its influence on the process of the political development of the Indian political party, and probes into the development trend of the political party in India. Summing up the ruling laws of modern political parties. Party politics is a very complex system, involving a wide range of content, to exhaust all its content is a very large project. This paper mainly studies the different historical stages of the political development of Indian political parties after independence, the position of the Congress Party, the causes and effects of the changes in its function, and explores some regular things about the rise and fall of a big party and the old party. The first chapter, the main influence factors of the development of Indian party politics. The political parties in India originated in the colonial period. In the process of national independence, the leading Congress Party became the direct promoter of the establishment of India's national system. After independence India, with the development of modernization, its party politics also changed with the changes of society. The development of party politics is an objective historical process, is a national economy, politics, society and other factors interact and restrict each other, India is no exception. Party politics in India was transplanted from the West and formed on the basis of its history and cultural tradition. The main factors affecting the political development of Indian political parties include historical tradition, economic and political development, caste and religion. These factors have historical objectivity and are closely related to Congress party politics, economy, caste and religious policy. Chapter two, the prosperity of Congress Party and the establishment of Congress Party system. After independence, the first stage of the political development of Indian political parties formed the situation of "one party dominating the world", the Congress party "dominating the whole world" and the one party occupying an overwhelming advantage, which became the most important mark of the formation of the Indian political party system. As a result, Indian party politics showed distinct characteristics during this period: multiparty standing, one party dominating, three powers separated, the ruling party monopolizing power, the coordination between the party and the government, and the strong individual color, and so on. Chapter three, the gradual decline of Congress Party and the evolution of Indian political party system. After 40 years in power, the Congress Party gradually declined in a series of internal and external crises, and the party politics in India gradually changed from the one-party system of the Congress Party to the real multi-party competition system. The transformation of India's party system is a gradual process, which is consistent with the decline of the Congress Party. During this period, the political development of Indian political parties showed some characteristics of the transitional period: the strength of the Congress Party was continuously weakened, and the Indian political parties were divided, divided and reorganized around the state power and attitude towards the Congress party. There are some qualitative changes in the political changes of Indian political parties, mainly reflected in the serious threat to the ruling party caused by the opposition parties through joint action, and the tendency of the state government to be controlled by the multi-party coalition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：D735.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李向暉;新時(shí)期印共（馬）發(fā)展研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2010年

2 邱萍;印度共產(chǎn)黨（馬克思主義）的社會(huì)主義觀研究[D];云南大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2011241