本文選題：黑暗大陸 + 城市化時期�。� 參考：《史學(xué)理論研究》2014年01期

【摘要】：正美國縣政府是州政府的行政分支,長期以來僅執(zhí)行有限的功能,被普遍視為"美國政治中的黑暗大陸",形成孱弱低能的晦暗形象。但在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后郊區(qū)化的推動下,很多美國縣政府開始調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu),增加收入,拓寬服務(wù),呈現(xiàn)新的面目。為了重新確立縣政府的形象,眾多美國學(xué)者在世紀(jì)之交不約而同地發(fā)動了為縣政府正名的活動:大量學(xué)者開始從事縣政府研究,發(fā)表大量論著,并推動研究的組織化,相關(guān)期刊也刊發(fā)縣政府專刊。最終,縣政府成為新城市化時期,最有潛力的常規(guī)地方政府。一、縣政府的"惡名"美國的縣政府是州政府為了因地制宜地提供服務(wù)而在地方設(shè)置的一個"影子"政府,同時,它也是美國地域面積最大的常規(guī)地方政府,與市、鎮(zhèn)、專區(qū)、校區(qū)等并列。自1634年弗吉尼亞殖民地建立
[Abstract]:The county government of the United States is an administrative branch of the state government. It has only a limited function for a long time, and is generally regarded as a "dark continent in American politics", forming a weak and low-powered dark image. However, driven by suburbanization after the second World War, many American county governments began to adjust their structures, increase their income, expand their services and take on a new look. In order to re-establish the image of the county government, many American scholars launched the activities of correcting the name of the county government at the turn of the century: a large number of scholars began to study the county government, published a large number of works, and promoted the organization of the research. Relevant periodicals are also published in special journals of county governments. Finally, the county government becomes the new urbanization period, the most potential regular local government. First, the county government's "notoriety" the county government in the United States is a "shadow" government set up by the state government in order to provide services according to local conditions. At the same time, it is also the largest conventional local government in the United States, with cities, towns, and special districts. A campus, etc. Since the colonial establishment of Virginia in 1634
【作者單位】： 渤海大學(xué)歷史系;
【基金】：廈門大學(xué)歷史系王旭教授主持的國家社科基金項目“20世紀(jì)美國縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)與城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化研究”(編號:10BSS010)的階段性成果
【分類號】：D771.2

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