發(fā)布時間：2018-04-29 23:00

  本文選題：俄羅斯 + 普京��； 參考：《吉林大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：蘇聯(lián)解體后，由于葉利欽急功近利的采用休克療法推行經(jīng)濟改革，試圖一夜之間步入資本主義大國的行列。但是事與愿違，經(jīng)濟改革沒有帶來社會穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟繁榮，反而造成了俄羅斯的十年的混亂局面，政治，經(jīng)濟，社會差點大崩盤。 2000年普京執(zhí)掌俄羅斯的權(quán)柄后，立刻著手展開行政改革：行政改革主要從穩(wěn)定政體和機構(gòu)改革兩部分進行。與葉利欽不同的是，普京所走的是一條漸進的，系統(tǒng)的改革之路。 體制上統(tǒng)一政治體制穩(wěn)定政局，加強中央集權(quán)。通過理順中央與地方的關(guān)系，構(gòu)建國家垂直權(quán)力體系,強化了聯(lián)邦中央的權(quán)威，加強了中央對地方的控制，效的遏制了地方的分散勢力；通過理順總統(tǒng)與議會的關(guān)系，建立“政權(quán)黨”;政府職能上由全能政府向有限政府轉(zhuǎn)變。通過構(gòu)建“部”、“署”、“局”的三級聯(lián)邦執(zhí)行權(quán)力機關(guān)體系，有的放矢的優(yōu)化政府職能，提高行政效率；通過簡化行政審批制度，，限制政府部門對經(jīng)濟行為的過多干預(yù)。行政改革雖然取得了一定的成效--政治穩(wěn)定，但是機構(gòu)改革方面卻陷入了“膨脹--精簡--膨脹--精簡”的怪圈。行政改革受到歷史因素，改革中組織行為選擇和思想觀念的相互作用,具有強有力的路徑依賴。這種路徑依賴性導(dǎo)致了行政機構(gòu)改革的反復(fù)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“權(quán)威主義”即幫助普京維護了統(tǒng)一，但在某種程度上有迫使行政機構(gòu)改革陷入了怪圈。
[Abstract]:After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Yeltsin tried to step into the ranks of capitalist powers overnight because of the shock therapy. But instead of bringing social stability and prosperity, economic reform has led to a decade of chaos and political, economic and social collapse in Russia. When Putin took power in Russia in 2000, he immediately embarked on administrative reform, which took place mainly in the two parts of stable government and institutional reform. Unlike Yeltsin, Mr Putin is on a gradual, systemic path of reform. Unifying the political system and stabilizing the political situation and strengthening centralization of power. By straightening out the relationship between the central authorities and the local authorities, building the national vertical power system, strengthening the authority of the federal central authorities, strengthening the central control over the localities, effectively containing the decentralized forces in the localities, and straightening out the relations between the president and the parliament, The establishment of the "political Party"; the transformation of government function from all-powerful government to limited government. By constructing the three-level federal executive power system of "ministry", "agency" and "bureau", the government functions can be optimized and administrative efficiency will be improved, and administrative examination and approval system will be simplified to limit the excessive interference of government departments in economic behavior. Although the administrative reform has made certain achievements-political stability, but the reform of the organization has fallen into the "bloated-streamlined---streamlined" strange circle. The administrative reform is influenced by historical factors, and the interaction between the choice of organizational behavior and the ideology in the reform has a strong path dependence. This path dependence leads to repeated administrative reform. The study found that "authoritarianism" helped Mr Putin maintain unity, but in some ways forced reform of the administration into a strange circle.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D751.2

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本文編號：1821936