本文選題：印度 + 少數(shù)群體��； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 印度跟中國一樣是統(tǒng)一的多民族國家。但中國的民族分類在印度卻不能流行。世界上的民族概念含義甚多，各國的定義不同，使用這個(gè)概念也各有特點(diǎn)。例如印度政府就不把國內(nèi)的語言、宗教、民族、種族、種姓集團(tuán)和部落等群體視為“民族”。正因?yàn)槿绱�，我們�(cè)诮忉層《鹊那闆r下，反而不得不把這些群體都考慮在內(nèi)。 1947年獨(dú)立以來，印度的民族、種姓與宗教一直是世人，特別是中國學(xué)界和政界關(guān)注的問題。但由于其過于復(fù)雜，所以我們至今對(duì)此沒有形成穩(wěn)定、系統(tǒng)和貼近實(shí)際的看法。學(xué)界認(rèn)識(shí)到印度是一個(gè)多民族國家，有印度斯坦、泰盧固等十多個(gè)主體民族；也有如桑塔爾、安達(dá)曼、卡西等十幾個(gè)少數(shù)民族。盡管如此，印度政府卻不認(rèn)為自己是個(gè)多民族國家，而只承認(rèn)內(nèi)部有文化、宗教、語言、種姓和階層等差異或多樣性。迄今為止，，印度政府只把國民分為先進(jìn)和落后階層，多數(shù)群體與少數(shù)群體。少數(shù)群體大致相當(dāng)于落后階層：包括表列種姓、表列部落和其它落后群體。其中，表列部落的意義與中國的少數(shù)民族最為接近。 少數(shù)群體的權(quán)益保護(hù)已成為當(dāng)今世界最為重要問題之一。因此，本文在努力厘清印度人口分類的同時(shí)也注重印度少數(shù)民族權(quán)益保護(hù)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)介紹和分析。本文由下列部分組成： 第一章介紹目的和方法，包括前人成果綜述 第二章簡介印度的歷史地理和人文概況 第三章介紹學(xué)界對(duì)印度人口的分類，再據(jù)此討論印度主體民族和少數(shù)群體的構(gòu)成和分布狀況 第四章討論印度少數(shù)群體的形成背景和印度政府劃分其國民的依據(jù)和結(jié)果 第五章分析印度政府對(duì)少數(shù)群體權(quán)益保護(hù)政策及其作用 第六章結(jié)論評(píng)價(jià)印度多元文化和諧發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和成果 本文采用民族學(xué)理論方法，結(jié)合歷史文獻(xiàn)資料，側(cè)重跨文化比較和應(yīng)用研究，旨在為中國深入了解印度做出些許貢獻(xiàn)。由于本人沒有到印度做實(shí)地調(diào)查，所以文中出現(xiàn)的缺點(diǎn)和錯(cuò)誤還望讀者多加指正。
[Abstract]:India, like China, is a United multi-ethnic country.But China's ethnic classification is not popular in India.There are many national concepts in the world. Different countries have different definitions and the use of this concept has its own characteristics.The Indian government, for example, does not regard groups such as language, religion, nationality, race, caste groups and tribes as "nations".That's why we have to take these groups into account when we explain India.Since its independence in 1947, the nation, caste and religion of India have been concerned by the world, especially the Chinese academic and political circles.But because of its complexity, so far we have not formed a stable, systematic and realistic view.Scholars recognized that India is a multi-ethnic country, including Hindustan, Telugu and more than a dozen ethnic groups, such as Santal, Andaman, Kasi and so on.Nevertheless, the Indian government does not consider itself a multi-ethnic country, but only recognizes cultural, religious, linguistic, caste and class differences or diversity within itself.So far, the Indian government has divided its citizens into advanced and backward classes, majorities and minorities.Minorities are roughly equivalent to backward classes: including scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward groups.Among them, the significance of tabular tribes and China's ethnic minorities are most close.The protection of minority rights has become one of the most important issues in the world.Therefore, this paper tries to clarify the Indian population classification, but also pays attention to the Indian minority rights and interests of the introduction and analysis.This article consists of the following parts:The first chapter introduces the purpose and method, including the review of previous achievements.Chapter II: a brief introduction to the Historical Geography and Humanities of IndiaThe third chapter introduces the classification of Indian population in academic circles, and then discusses the composition and distribution of the main ethnic groups and minorities in India.Chapter IV discusses the background of the formation of the Indian minority and the basis and results of the division of its nationals by the Government of IndiaChapter V Analysis of the Government of India's Policy to protect the Rights and interests of minorities and its roleChapter VI: conclusion Evaluation of the experience and achievements of India's Multicultural harmonious DevelopmentThis paper focuses on cross-cultural comparison and applied research by means of ethnology theory and historical literature in order to make some contributions to China's in-depth understanding of India.Since I did not go to India to do field investigation, so the shortcomings and mistakes in the text are expected to be corrected by the reader.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：D735.1

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本文編號(hào)：1741816