本文選題：世界政治 + 民粹主義��； 參考：《國際政治研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：俄羅斯民粹主義既指稱俄羅斯19世紀(jì)激進(jìn)社會主義運(yùn)動,也用以描述當(dāng)代政治現(xiàn)象,這一現(xiàn)象既是表達(dá)民意的形式,也是執(zhí)政當(dāng)局或體制內(nèi)外反對派的政治工具。俄羅斯民粹主義是對現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程所引發(fā)沖突的反應(yīng),它聲張人民立場,把現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的"受損"歸結(jié)于資本主義,用區(qū)分"自己人"和"他人"的簡單邏輯解釋復(fù)雜問題,依靠人民力量達(dá)到政治目的。俄羅斯民粹主義的這些共性源于俄羅斯現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展道路的搖擺性、矛盾性,俄羅斯的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程鼓勵追求正義,但現(xiàn)代化和全球化又使俄羅斯的民族獨(dú)特性受到?jīng)_擊,非理性、矛盾性和宗教性的俄羅斯文化鼓勵了民粹主義。俄羅斯社會結(jié)構(gòu)變化、知識分子與人民的互動趨于緊密,以及自由主義的巨大影響,使當(dāng)代俄羅斯民粹主義呈現(xiàn)出新特點(diǎn),即民粹主義的主體從知識分子變成中產(chǎn)階級,重視利益政治,淡化道德理想政治。
[Abstract]:Russian populism refers to Russia's 19th century radical socialist movement as well as contemporary political phenomenon, which is not only a form of expression of public opinion, but also a political tool of the governing authorities or the opposition inside and outside the system.Russian populism is a reaction to the conflict caused by the modernization process. It expresses the position of the people, ascribes the "damage" to capitalism in the process of modernization, and interprets complex problems with simple logic that distinguishes "one's own people" from "others".Rely on the strength of the people to achieve political ends.These commonalities of Russian populism originate from the swing and contradiction of the road of Russian modernization development. The modernization process of Russia encourages the pursuit of justice, but modernization and globalization impact the national uniqueness of Russia and are irrational.Contradictory and religious Russian culture encourages populism.The changes in Russian social structure, the close interaction between intellectuals and the people, and the great influence of liberalism make the contemporary Russian populism take on new characteristics, that is, the main body of populism has changed from intellectuals to middle class.Attach importance to interest politics and dilute moral ideal politics.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)國際關(guān)系學(xué)院;
【分類號】：D751.2

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