本文選題：道德化貧困　切入點(diǎn)：“工具性”貧困　出處：《學(xué)習(xí)與實(shí)踐》2014年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：西方貧困觀演變可以追溯到古希臘-羅馬時(shí)期,從蘇格拉底等區(qū)分需求和欲求形成的"以窮為惡"的道德化貧困觀開始,之后演變成中世紀(jì)時(shí)期基督教教義下的"以窮為榮"和文藝復(fù)興以來祛道德化的"以窮為惡"。貧困觀的祛道德化肯定了財(cái)富積累,從而為資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)興起初期產(chǎn)生的"工具性"貧困觀提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。在原始資本積累和市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張的進(jìn)程中,古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)倡導(dǎo)的"工具性"貧困觀適應(yīng)了資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要,這也導(dǎo)致了西方資本主義國家在相當(dāng)長的時(shí)期內(nèi)依靠收入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定解決絕對(duì)貧困的措施。然而,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷更新著人們對(duì)需求的定義,"工具性"貧困觀下的單維收入貧困對(duì)新環(huán)境下社會(huì)問題的解釋力備受質(zhì)疑。阿瑪?shù)賮啞ど芰ω毨Ю碚摰奶岢鰟t標(biāo)志西方貧困觀的根本性轉(zhuǎn)變,能力貧困觀以其實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)貧困本質(zhì)認(rèn)知的回歸為公眾所接受,全球范圍內(nèi)的反貧困也在能力貧困觀引致的"革命性"轉(zhuǎn)變后轉(zhuǎn)入多維貧困的視角。
[Abstract]:The evolution of the western view of poverty can be traced back to the ancient Greek-Roman period, beginning with the moralized view of poverty, which was formed by Socrates, which distinguished demand from desire. Then it evolved into the "pride of poverty" under the Christian doctrine of the Middle Ages and the "taking poverty as evil" by virtue since the Renaissance. The demoralization of the concept of poverty affirmed the accumulation of wealth. This provides a theoretical basis for the "instrumental" view of poverty that emerged in the early stages of the rise of capitalist economy, and in the process of primitive capital accumulation and the expansion of the market economy, The concept of "instrumental" poverty advocated by classical political economy adapts to the needs of capitalist economic development, which leads western capitalist countries to work out measures to solve absolute poverty by income standard for a long time. The market economy is constantly updating the definition of demand, and the interpretation of one-dimensional income poverty under the concept of "instrumental" poverty to social problems in the new environment has been questioned. The proposal of Amartya Sen's theory of capacity poverty symbolizes the West. The fundamental change in Fang's view of poverty, The concept of capacity poverty has been accepted by the public for its return to the recognition of the nature of poverty, and the global anti-poverty has turned to the perspective of multidimensional poverty after the "revolutionary" transformation caused by the concept of capacity poverty.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)中國社會(huì)保障研究中心;
【分類號(hào)】：D57

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