本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國(guó)對(duì)墨西哥移民政策 1965年移民法 移民改革與控制法　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)美國(guó)對(duì)墨西哥移民政策課分為兩個(gè)時(shí)期，，第一時(shí)期是從20世紀(jì)初到1965年之間的自由移民政策時(shí)期，這一時(shí)期主要通過的移民政策是20年代移民限額制度以及40年代的季節(jié)勞工項(xiàng)目，這一期間的特點(diǎn)是對(duì)墨西哥人采取自由放任的移民政策，第二時(shí)期是從1965年到20世紀(jì)末的限制處罰時(shí)期，該期間通過的法案主要是1965年移民法以及1986年非法移民改革與控制法，首次把墨西哥納入全球移民限額體系，并采取各項(xiàng)措施打擊墨西哥非法移民，該期間移民政策的特點(diǎn)是限制、打壓和處罰，總體而言，20世紀(jì)后半期移民政策的效用是失敗的，違背了其限制墨西哥裔移民的目的，反而帶來了更多的非法移民。美國(guó)對(duì)墨西哥移民政策的制定與美國(guó)外交政策密不可分，當(dāng)美國(guó)采取孤立主義外交時(shí)，必須依靠墨西哥填補(bǔ)勞動(dòng)力空缺，當(dāng)美國(guó)采取全球爭(zhēng)霸外交政策時(shí)，墨西哥又被納入其全球戰(zhàn)略范疇，原有例外主義的移民政策被拋棄。
[Abstract]:In 20th century, the US Immigration Policy Division for Mexico was divided into two periods. The first period was a period of free immigration policy from the beginning of 20th century to 1965. The main immigration policy adopted during this period was the 20s immigration quota system and the 40s seasonal labour programme, which was characterized by a laissez-faire immigration policy towards Mexicans. The second period was the period of restrictive punishment from 1965 to the end of 1986, during which the Act on Immigration of 1965 and the Act on Reform and Control of illegal immigrants of 1986 introduced Mexico for the first time into the global immigration quota system. And to take measures to combat illegal Mexican immigration, which during that period was characterized by restrictions, repression and punishment. Overall, the effectiveness of immigration policies in the second half of the twentieth century was unsuccessful, contrary to its purpose of restricting immigrants of Mexican descent, Instead, it brings more illegal immigrants. U.S. immigration policy toward Mexico is inextricably linked to U.S. foreign policy. When the United States adopts isolationist diplomacy, it has to rely on Mexico to fill the gaps in its labor force. When the United States adopted a foreign policy of global hegemony, Mexico was included in its global strategy and the original exceptionalist immigration policy was abandoned.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2;D773.1

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本文編號(hào)：1551930