本文關(guān)鍵詞： 紅色高棉 柬埔寨 波爾布特　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 紅色高棉運(yùn)動(dòng)是當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要事件。它的興起、發(fā)展、衰落都有其獨(dú)特的地方,能夠?yàn)槭澜缟鐣?huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究提供更為豐富的材料。它的興起與柬埔寨民族獨(dú)立緊密聯(lián)系在一起,在反對(duì)外國(guó)殖民主義的斗爭(zhēng)中,逐漸壯大起來(lái)。由于西哈努克突然被廢黜,他們得以與西哈努克建立統(tǒng)一陣線,在通力合作之下,他們?nèi)〉昧苏䴔?quán),建立了民主柬埔寨。在掌握了政權(quán)之后,他們實(shí)行了極左的政策,這段時(shí)間集中體現(xiàn)了“左”的錯(cuò)誤對(duì)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的巨大危害,正是由于這種巨大危害引起人民的不滿,越南趁機(jī)憑借強(qiáng)大的軍事力量侵略了柬埔寨,紅色高棉在掌權(quán)三年零八個(gè)月后丟掉了政權(quán)。于是,紅色高棉回到叢林繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持斗爭(zhēng),在后來(lái)的柬埔寨和平問題談判過程中,他們沒有把握好機(jī)會(huì),加上一些大國(guó)邊緣政治因素的影響,還有自身的分裂和內(nèi)訌,他們終于走到歷史的盡頭,土崩瓦解,灰飛煙滅。 本文在世界社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的大背景下,回顧總結(jié)紅色高棉興衰的歷史,并且對(duì)它興衰的原因做淺陋分析,繼而試圖總結(jié)它為世界社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)所能提供的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。本文共分為五部分:前言,簡(jiǎn)要介紹紅色高棉名稱的來(lái)歷以及所指范圍的變化,簡(jiǎn)要介紹紅色高棉一些主要的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人;第二部分,簡(jiǎn)述紅色高棉的興起歷程,分析這個(gè)階段的柬埔寨國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際環(huán)境,淺析紅色高棉興起的原因;第三部分,回顧紅色高棉掌握政權(quán)的歷史,整理紅色高棉掌權(quán)時(shí)期采取的極“左”的一系列措施,分析這些措施出臺(tái)、施行的部分原因,以及它必然失敗的理由,總結(jié)紅色高棉走向衰落的內(nèi)因;第四部分,回顧紅色高棉走向衰落的歷史軌跡,從它自身和外國(guó)政治勢(shì)力的影響等角度分析它衰亡的原因。第五部分,通過以上對(duì)歷史的回顧和對(duì)歷史事件發(fā)生的原因的分析,分析紅色高棉為以后社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)提供的教訓(xùn),從不同角度對(duì)這些教訓(xùn)作了總結(jié):從馬克思主義政黨應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持的思想路線的角度,從正確對(duì)待矛盾的角度,從正確處理社會(huì)主義民主與社會(huì)主義法制的角度,從建設(shè)好馬克思主義政黨的角度,從正確對(duì)待知識(shí)分子正確處理科技和教育工作的角度。
[Abstract]:The Khmer Rouge Movement is an important event of the contemporary socialist movement in the world. Its rise, development and decline have their own unique features. Able to provide more material for the study of the world socialist movement. Its rise was closely linked to the national independence of Cambodia, and gradually grew in the struggle against foreign colonialism. Sihanouk was suddenly deposed, They were able to establish a United front with Sihanouk, and, with full cooperation, they gained power, established Democratic Kampuchea. After taking power, they implemented a policy of extreme left. This period of time has concentrated on the great harm to socialist construction caused by the "left" mistake. It is precisely because of this great harm that the people are dissatisfied that Vietnam took the opportunity to invade Cambodia by virtue of its powerful military force. The Khmer Rouge lost power after three years and eight months in power. So, the Khmer Rouge returned to the jungle to continue its struggle, and they failed to seize the opportunity in the subsequent negotiations on peace in Cambodia. Combined with the influence of political factors on the fringes of some big powers, and their own divisions and infighting, they finally came to the end of history, disintegrating and collapsing. Against the background of the world socialist movement, this paper reviews and summarizes the history of the rise and fall of the Khmer Rouge, and makes a superficial analysis of the reasons for its rise and fall. This paper is divided into five parts: preface, brief introduction to the origin of the Khmer Rouge name and the change of the scope of the Khmer Rouge name. A brief introduction to some of the main Khmer Rouge leaders; the second part, a brief description of the rise of the Khmer Rouge, an analysis of Cambodia's domestic and international environment at this stage, and an analysis of the reasons for the rise of the Khmer Rouge; the third part, Recalling the history of the Khmer Rouge regime, sorting out a series of measures taken by the Khmer Rouge to the very "left" during its reign, and analysing some of the reasons for the introduction and implementation of these measures, as well as the reasons for its inevitable failure, Summarizing the internal causes of the decline of the Khmer Rouge; part 4th, reviewing the historical track of the decline of the Khmer Rouge, and analyzing the causes of its decline from the perspective of itself and the influence of foreign political forces. Part 5th, Through the above review of history and the analysis of the causes of historical events, the lessons provided by the Khmer Rouge for the future socialist movement are analyzed. These lessons are summarized from different angles: from the angle of the ideological line that Marxist political parties should adhere to, from the angle of correctly treating contradictions, and from the angle of correctly handling socialist democracy and socialist legal system, From the angle of constructing the Marxist political party and dealing with the intellectuals correctly the work of science and technology and education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D733.5

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本文編號(hào)：1516398