本文關鍵詞： 成本規(guī)避 象征性合作 實質性合作 馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪　出處：《復旦大學》2010年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： “成本規(guī)避”是指行為體對成本更為敏感。盡可能地降低成本、減少支出是行為體進行政策選擇時的基本考量之一。“成本規(guī)避型合作”是指行為體為減少自身所需支付的成本而進行的合作,成本在行為體的合作關系中扮演核心角色�！俺杀疽�(guī)避型合作”既可以解釋行為體為什么會選擇“象征性合作”,也可以解釋行為體為什么雖然不愿意,但是卻不得不進行“實質性合作”。本文將以“成本規(guī)避”作為主線,分析印尼和馬來西亞自1998年至2008年在打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪上合作形式的選擇問題。 馬六甲海峽的戰(zhàn)略位置十分重要。當前,馬六甲海峽適用“過境通行制度”。從1998年到2004年7月之前,印尼和馬來西亞之所以在打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪上選擇“象征性合作”,是因為兩國既想規(guī)避打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪的成本,又要規(guī)避來自海峽其他利益相關方指責或懲罰的成本。 出于“反恐”和掌控戰(zhàn)略要地的需要,2004年3月美國太平洋艦隊司令托馬斯法戈在美國眾議院軍事委員會上建議美國應派遣軍隊“協(xié)防”馬六甲海峽。這激起了印尼和馬來西亞的強烈反對。因為兩國要規(guī)避國家主權受侵犯,對馬六甲海峽控制權喪失以及國內(nèi)政局穩(wěn)定受到?jīng)_擊的成本。這些成本是它們難以承受的。 與此同時,印尼和馬來西亞意識到繼續(xù)維持在打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪上的“象征性合作”,將付出外交陷于被動、無法更新升級武器裝備以及難以獲得美國相關援助的成本。因為馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪而“得罪”美國明顯得不償失。2004年7月之后,印尼和馬來西亞加強了在打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪上進行了“實質性合作”。兩國不僅采取了一系列行動,而且還在多個場合承認海峽其他利益相關方的權利,并呼吁它們在尊重印尼和馬來西亞主權以及《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》相關規(guī)定的基礎上向兩國提供資金、技術、設備和訓練方面的援助。 從目前的情況上來看,印尼和馬來西亞在打擊馬六甲海峽武裝搶劫犯罪上的“實質性合作”,基本上達到了有效遏制該犯罪以及防范其他跨國犯罪的目的。從長遠來看,由馬六甲海峽沿岸國家承擔打擊海峽武裝搶劫犯罪的主要責任,其他利益相關方在尊重海峽沿岸國家主權以及相關法律的基礎上向其提供資金、技術等方面的援助是遏制該犯罪的有效模式。
[Abstract]:"cost aversion" means that the actor is more sensitive to the cost and reduces the cost as much as possible. Reducing expenditure is one of the basic considerations when actors make policy choices. "Cost-averse cooperation" refers to the cooperation of actors to reduce the costs they have to pay. Cost plays a key role in the cooperative relationship of actors. "Cost-averse cooperation" can not only explain why the actors choose "symbolic cooperation", but also explain why the actors are unwilling. However, it has to carry out "substantial cooperation". This article will take "cost avoidance" as the main line. This paper analyzes the choice of cooperation forms between Indonesia and Malaysia from 1998 to 2008 in the fight against armed robbery in the Strait of Malacca. The strategic position of the Straits of Malacca is very important. At present, the "transit passage system" is applied in the Straits of Malacca from 1998 to July 2004. Indonesia and Malaysia chose "symbolic cooperation" in combating armed robbery in the Straits of Malacca because they want to avoid the cost of fighting armed robbery in the Strait of Malacca. Avoid the cost of blame or punishment from other stakeholders in the Strait. There is a need to "counter terrorism" and to take control of strategic locations. In March 2004 Thomas Fargo, commander of the US Pacific Fleet, told the House of Representatives Armed Services Committee that the United States should send troops to "assist in defense." The Strait of Malacca. This provoked strong opposition from Indonesia and Malaysia, which sought to avoid encroachment on national sovereignty. The cost of losing control of the Strait of Malacca and the impact on domestic political stability. These costs are unbearable. At the same time, Indonesia and Malaysia are aware of the continued "symbolic cooperation" in the fight against armed robbery in the Strait of Malacca, with diplomatic passivity. Unable to update and upgrade weaponry and the cost of obtaining United States-related assistance... Because the Malacca Strait armed robbery and "offending" the United States is clearly not worth the gain. After July 2004. Indonesia and Malaysia have strengthened their "substantive cooperation" in combating the crime of armed robbery in the Strait of Malacca. The two countries have not only taken a series of actions. The rights of other stakeholders in the Strait have also been recognized on numerous occasions, and they have been called upon to provide funding to Indonesia and Malaysia on the basis of respect for the sovereignty of Indonesia and Malaysia and the relevant provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Technical, equipment and training assistance. From the current situation, Indonesia and Malaysia in the fight against the Malacca Strait of armed robbery in the crime of "substantive cooperation." Basically achieved the purpose of effectively containing the crime and other transnational crimes. In the long run, the primary responsibility for fighting the crime of armed robbery in the Straits is borne by the countries bordering the Straits of Malacca. Other stakeholders provide financial and technical assistance to States bordering straits on the basis of respect for their sovereignty and relevant laws, which is an effective model for curbing the crime.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D734

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張麗麗;馬六甲海峽斷航對我國產(chǎn)業(yè)部門的經(jīng)濟影響分析[D];大連海事大學;2012年

，

本文編號：1471470