本文關(guān)鍵詞：科索沃民族問(wèn)題中的利益分析　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 利益分析法 新干涉主義 泛斯拉夫主義

【摘要】： 科索沃問(wèn)題近年來(lái)一直是國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點(diǎn)�？扑魑置褡鍐�(wèn)題的起點(diǎn)來(lái)源于阿爾巴尼亞族和塞爾維亞族兩大主體民族利益的爭(zhēng)端。對(duì)歷史認(rèn)識(shí)的不同、宗教信仰的不同、不同民族形成過(guò)程,使得塞阿兩族對(duì)科索沃的認(rèn)識(shí)產(chǎn)生了巨大的分歧,雙方都認(rèn)為自己才是科索沃真正的主人,是科索沃合理合法的擁有者。歷史上,塞阿兩族都堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己才是最早在科索沃定居的主人。宗教上塞阿兩族分別信仰東正教和伊斯蘭教。針對(duì)利益相關(guān)的國(guó)家和利益集團(tuán),文章則采用政治學(xué)中常用的利益分析的方法對(duì)科索沃問(wèn)題予以全新的研究和探討。 首先,文章對(duì)科索沃的問(wèn)題的起因、發(fā)展和現(xiàn)階段的情況進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的回顧。歷史上,塞阿兩民族都把科索沃作為自己的核心利益。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,隨著南斯拉夫和阿爾巴尼亞兩個(gè)國(guó)家的先后獨(dú)立,此后科索沃雖作為一個(gè)自治省歸屬于南斯拉夫,但是科索沃的土地上始終并立了塞族和阿族兩大主體民族,然而在人口數(shù)量上,二戰(zhàn)后阿族卻已經(jīng)取得了優(yōu)勢(shì)地位。此后,兩族由于出于各自不同的利益訴求多次發(fā)生沖突。在前南解體前,大的民族沖突可以分為三次,使得科索沃問(wèn)題的解決變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜。 其次,對(duì)于科索沃的民族問(wèn)題,堅(jiān)持采用利益分析的方法,對(duì)于真實(shí)的認(rèn)識(shí)科索沃民族問(wèn)題有著重要的意義。從政治層面來(lái)說(shuō),科索沃問(wèn)題是幾個(gè)相關(guān)政治利益集團(tuán)博弈的結(jié)果。其中最為重要的一條就是相關(guān)集團(tuán)的核心利益的為實(shí)現(xiàn)自己利益最大化的自身追求。 國(guó)際上,出于自身利益,與塞爾維亞同屬斯拉夫民族、共同信仰東正教的俄羅斯,積極支持南斯拉夫的主權(quán)獨(dú)立和領(lǐng)土完整,期待一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的南斯拉夫成為其在東歐利益的主要支撐點(diǎn)。美國(guó)希望通過(guò)肢解南斯拉夫來(lái)產(chǎn)生一群巴爾干小國(guó)家,以達(dá)到其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界、控制石油、大發(fā)橫財(cái)?shù)哪康�。歐洲其他國(guó)家則希望南斯拉夫歐洲化,成為歐洲大家庭的一員,使歐洲逐漸成為一個(gè)整體成為有能力和美、俄等分庭抗禮的一極。中國(guó)的核心利益就是在確保本國(guó)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土的情況下,鞏固與各個(gè)鄰國(guó)的關(guān)系,發(fā)展與美俄歐三方關(guān)系下,一心一意謀求自身發(fā)展,盡快實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的和平崛起。 再次,文章指出,科索沃獨(dú)立后,塞爾維亞雖然被肢解,但所幸巴爾干火藥桶并沒(méi)有被點(diǎn)燃——爆發(fā)大規(guī)模的世界性大戰(zhàn)。然而這卻給了民族分裂主義分子一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的信號(hào),世界上存在民族分裂問(wèn)題的國(guó)家都對(duì)此心悸不已。全球利益分享下的世界,政治經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化組織風(fēng)起云涌,科索沃的獨(dú)立顯然與國(guó)際大趨勢(shì)背道而馳。 最后,文章展開(kāi)展望,美國(guó)在科索沃獨(dú)立后,戰(zhàn)略利益將繼續(xù)調(diào)整,繼而施展新干涉主義的伎倆,在世界上尋找潛在對(duì)手,予以削弱和瓦解。歐洲在戰(zhàn)后,將積極將科索沃和塞爾維亞納入到歐洲一體化進(jìn)程當(dāng)中去,消除戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)隱患、擴(kuò)大自身實(shí)力。俄羅斯在科索沃的失敗,也使俄徹底丟掉了投入美歐懷抱的幻想,轉(zhuǎn)而謀求自身實(shí)力的加強(qiáng),加強(qiáng)了與美國(guó)歐盟的對(duì)抗。吸取了南斯拉夫民族分裂的教訓(xùn)、科索沃戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的中國(guó),將一如既往的積蓄力量實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)式的和平崛起。
[Abstract]:Kosovo is a research hotspot in the academic circles at home and abroad in recent years. Kosovo's ethnic problems in Albania and starting point source of dispute of Serbia nationality two main national interests. The understanding of history is different, different religious beliefs, different ethnic formation process, makes the CEA on the understanding of the Kosovo two group have great differences. Both sides believe that he is the real master of Kosovo, Kosovo is the legitimate owner. Historically, CEA group two insisted that he is the first to settle in Kosovo master. Religious group two were orthodox, plug and Islam. According to the interests of relevant groups, the article uses the political to analyze the common interests of the new study and Discussion on the issue of Kosovo.
First of all, the cause of problems in Kosovo, the development and present situation. After a brief review of the history of the two nation, CEA Kosovo as their core interests. After the end of World War II, along with Yugoslavia and Albania in two countries has since independence, although Kosovo as an autonomous province belonged to Yugoslavia. But the land of Kosovo has signed the two main ethnic Serbs and Albanians, however in population after the Second World War, Albanian has already achieved dominance. Since then, two people due to their different interests conflict many times. In the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia, the ethnic conflict can be divided into three times, making the solution the Kosovo issue is becoming more and more complicated.
Secondly, ethnic problems in Kosovo, insist on using interest analysis, has the important significance for the real understanding of the ethnic problems in Kosovo. From the political perspective, Kosovo is a game related to results of political interest groups. The most important one is the core interests of the relevant group to achieve their maximum the interests of their own pursuit.
The world, for their own interests, and Serbia are the common Slavic, Russian Orthodox faith, actively support Yugoslavia's sovereignty and territorial integrity, look forward to a strong Yugoslavia has become the main support for Eastern European interests. The United States hopes to dismember Yugoslavia to produce a group of small Balkan countries, oil control to achieve its leadership in the world,, windfall. Other European countries want Yugoslavia to Europe, become a member of the European family, Europe has gradually become a whole can become a force and beauty, Russia equal rival pole. Chinese is the core interests in ensuring its sovereignty and territorial situation, to consolidate relations with all the development of neighboring countries, Europe and beauty three party relationships, undivided attention to seek their own development, realize their peaceful rise as soon as possible.
Again, the article pointed out that, after the independence of Kosovo, although Serbia was dismembered, but fortunately Balkan has not been lit, the outbreak of World War mass. However it has given ethnic separatists a wrong signal to the world, there are problems of ethnic separatism countries palpitations. Global interests share under the world economic integration organization, the political independence of Kosovo and raging like a storm, obviously the international trend draw further apart.
Finally, the paper prospects the United States in Kosovo after independence, strategic interests will continue to adjust, and then play a trick of new interventionism, looking for potential rivals in the world, to weaken and collapse in Europe. After the war, will make Kosovo and Serbia into the process of European integration, eliminate hidden dangers, to expand their own strength. Russia's defeat in Kosovo, the Russian and European arms completely lost into fantasy, instead seeking to strengthen their own strength, strengthen the European Union and the United States against. Yugoslavia learned ethnic splitting lessons, Kosovo experience of war Chinese, the power savings achieved will be as in the past China the peaceful rise.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D75

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