【摘要】： 鑒定結(jié)論作為我國(guó)現(xiàn)行刑事訴訟法規(guī)定的七大證據(jù)之一,在現(xiàn)代刑事訴訟中具有重要地位和作用。然而,現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的日新月異,給以科學(xué)技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的司法鑒定帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。諸如杜培武殺人案、佘祥林殺妻案等典型冤假錯(cuò)案的發(fā)生,引起人們的深刻的反思,鑒定結(jié)論也不可避免地受到人們的指責(zé)。對(duì)于鑒定結(jié)論的科學(xué)懷疑主要表現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面:一是鑒定結(jié)論的理論基礎(chǔ)即科學(xué)理論本身的科學(xué)性;二是鑒定結(jié)論的法律特性與科學(xué)事實(shí)特性在邏輯上的不一致;三是鑒定結(jié)論形成過(guò)程中的諸多因素如鑒定人、鑒定規(guī)則等的影響;四是運(yùn)用鑒定結(jié)論的法律程序的科學(xué)性,即人們?nèi)绾螌?duì)鑒定結(jié)論進(jìn)行審查和評(píng)斷。 在正確認(rèn)識(shí)鑒定結(jié)論科學(xué)性的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)當(dāng)從兩方面入手,一方面,要大力規(guī)范建設(shè)法庭科學(xué)這一學(xué)科,推動(dòng)鑒定技術(shù)、鑒定規(guī)則、鑒定人等的不斷發(fā)展;另一方面,要理順證據(jù)的審查判斷機(jī)制�？茖W(xué)理論、法庭科學(xué)理論的發(fā)展為鑒定結(jié)論的科學(xué)性提供了理論支持,鑒定技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供了更完善的技術(shù)手段,鑒定體制的商業(yè)化運(yùn)作模式、鑒定人科學(xué)品質(zhì)、鑒定規(guī)則等的完善則是鑒定結(jié)論科學(xué)性的重要保障。而鑒定人出庭作證、專家證人制度、專家輔助人制度等訴訟規(guī)則的實(shí)施將更有效地、準(zhǔn)確地解讀鑒定結(jié)論的科學(xué)性。
[Abstract]:As one of the seven major evidences stipulated by the current criminal procedure law in China, the conclusion of appraisal plays an important role in modern criminal procedure. However, the rapid development of modern science and technology has brought severe challenges to forensic expertise based on science and technology. Typical cases such as du Peiwu's murder and she Xianglin's murder of his wife have caused profound reflection and the conclusion of the appraisal has inevitably been criticized by the people. The scientific suspicion of the appraisal conclusion is mainly reflected in four aspects: one is the theoretical basis of the appraisal conclusion, that is, the scientific theory itself, the other is the logical inconsistency between the legal characteristics of the appraisal conclusion and the characteristics of the scientific fact, and the other is that the scientific theory itself is the scientific basis of the appraisal conclusion. The third is the influence of many factors in the forming process of the appraisal conclusion, such as the appraiser, the identification rule and so on; the fourth is the scientific nature of the legal procedure using the appraisal conclusion, that is, how to examine and evaluate the appraisal conclusion. On the basis of correct understanding of the scientific nature of the appraisal conclusion, we should start from two aspects. On the one hand, we should make great efforts to standardize the construction of the subject of court science, promote the continuous development of identification technology, identification rules, and appraisers, etc. On the other hand, we should straighten out the examining and judging mechanism of evidence. The development of scientific theory and court science theory has provided theoretical support for the scientific nature of the appraisal conclusion, and the development of identification technology has provided more perfect technical means, the commercial operation mode of the appraisal system, and the identification of the scientific quality of the human being. The perfection of the identification rules is an important guarantee for the scientific nature of the appraisal conclusion. The enforcement of the litigation rules, such as expert witness system, expert witness system and expert aided person system, will be more effective and accurate in interpreting the scientific nature of the appraisal conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D919.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳雨;刑事訴訟中的DNA鑒定問(wèn)題研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：2445671