【摘要】：咬痕是指一個(gè)體的牙齒和口腔中其他部分一起作用于物體,造成該物體在形態(tài)學(xué)上發(fā)生改變而留下的痕跡。法齒學(xué)研究的咬痕主要是遺留在人體組織上的咬痕。人體組織有其特殊的組織學(xué)、解剖學(xué)特點(diǎn)和復(fù)雜的生物力學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu),使咬痕表現(xiàn)出各種比較復(fù)雜的形態(tài)特征。 以往研究多集中于咬痕分析方法學(xué)中的證據(jù)搜集技術(shù)和比對技術(shù)。很少有研究探討咬痕多變性的機(jī)理,使實(shí)際案例中咬痕鑒定結(jié)論中不確定的因素很多。本研究首先對咬痕相關(guān)前牙區(qū)牙頜參數(shù)進(jìn)行測量分析,目的希望能為咬痕分析提供依據(jù)。然后建立乳豬肢體咬痕模型,對咬痕形態(tài)學(xué)及其相應(yīng)軟組織力學(xué)進(jìn)行研究。 第一部分收集100例發(fā)育正常的成都地區(qū)健康青壯年牙頜模型,采用掃描牙模overlay技術(shù)—計(jì)算機(jī)輔助測量對咬痕相關(guān)前牙區(qū)各形態(tài)學(xué)參數(shù)(牙參數(shù)和牙弓參數(shù))進(jìn)行分析,所得結(jié)果如下:前牙及牙弓形態(tài)學(xué)參數(shù)男女性別間無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,但男性大于女性;上下頜間有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,上頜大于下頜;同頜左右側(cè)間無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。并利用PLS法分析上下頜參數(shù),對距離類數(shù)據(jù)建立了具有較高預(yù)測精度的回歸模型。 第二部分首先利用萬能測試機(jī)和自制人牙壓頭在乳豬肢體上垂直加載,形成牙痕損傷模型。實(shí)驗(yàn)分別用切牙壓頭、尖牙壓頭在100N、200N、300N載荷值下進(jìn)行加載,觀察不同載荷下不同牙型損傷形成的牙痕在死亡和生存狀態(tài)下隨時(shí)間的變化。所得結(jié)果如下:切
[Abstract]:A bite mark is a mark left by an individual's teeth acting on an object together with other parts of the mouth, resulting in a morphological change in the object. The bite marks in French dentistry are mainly those left over from human tissues. Human tissue has its special histology, anatomical characteristics and complex biomechanical structure, which makes bite marks show various complicated morphological features. Previous studies have focused on evidence collection and comparison techniques in bite analysis methodologies. There are few studies on the mechanism of bite mark variability, which leads to many uncertain factors in the identification of bite marks in practical cases. The purpose of this study was to measure and analyze the maxillary parameters of the bite-related anterior teeth in order to provide evidence for the analysis of bite marks. Then, the bite mark model of pig limb was established, and the morphology of bite mark and the mechanics of soft tissue were studied. The first part was to collect 100 healthy adult teeth and maxillary models from healthy adults in Chengdu area. The morphological parameters (tooth parameters and arch parameters) of the anterior teeth associated with bite marks were analyzed by scanning tooth model overlay technique and computer aided measurement. The results were as follows: there was no statistical difference in morphological parameters of anterior teeth and dental arch between male and female, but male was larger than female. There was statistical difference between the upper and lower jaw, the maxilla was larger than the mandible, and there was no statistical difference between the left and the right side of the same jaw. The PLS method is used to analyze the upper and lower jaw parameters, and a regression model with high prediction accuracy is established for the distance class data. In the second part, the damage model of tooth mark was established by using universal testing machine and self-made human tooth indenter to load vertically on the limb of suckling pig. In this experiment, the incisor and the canine indentation were loaded under the load of 100Nm ~ 200Nm ~ (300N) respectively. The changes of the tooth marks formed by different tooth type injuries under different loads were observed under the condition of death and survival. The results are as follows:
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：D919

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