【摘要】： 黑社會(huì)組織是指由眾多成員組成，有嚴(yán)密的組織性和組織亞文化，使用暴力、威脅或以暴力、威脅為后盾，控制一定的社會(huì)區(qū)域或行業(yè)，向權(quán)力部門滲透并建立了保護(hù)傘，以牟取經(jīng)濟(jì)利益為最終目的的半隱蔽的社會(huì)群體。憑借權(quán)力庇護(hù)和組織暴力在一定社會(huì)區(qū)域或行業(yè)牟取經(jīng)濟(jì)利益是黑社會(huì)組織的本質(zhì)特征。 犯罪組織黑社會(huì)化，是指一般的犯罪組織為了牟取更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，采取賄賂政府官員、使用暴力、壟斷犯罪資源和犯罪市場(chǎng)、嚴(yán)厲管理等手段和措施，逐漸形成經(jīng)濟(jì)目的性、成員眾多性、組織嚴(yán)密性、暴力性、壟斷性、半隱蔽性、有自己的亞文化和保護(hù)傘等特性，從而演變成黑社會(huì)組織的過(guò)程。包括組織結(jié)構(gòu)社會(huì)化、犯罪活動(dòng)社會(huì)化和組織安全社會(huì)化。 對(duì)黑社會(huì)（性質(zhì)）組織形成原因，我國(guó)學(xué)者提出了綜合原因論和各種具體原因論，國(guó)外學(xué)者提出了理性選擇論、暴力幫伙論、社會(huì)控制論等理論，但對(duì)犯罪組織黑社會(huì)化的根本原因都未能做出科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)的闡述。 個(gè)體組建或參與犯罪組織是為了獲取更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和滿足其它的心理需求，這是犯罪組織黑社會(huì)化的元?jiǎng)恿�；犯罪組織要生存和發(fā)展，要滿足組織成員的經(jīng)濟(jì)需求和其它心理需求，必須牟取最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，這是犯罪組織黑社會(huì)化的組織動(dòng)力�？梢�，獲取最大經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，是推動(dòng)犯罪組織黑社會(huì)化的根本原因。
[Abstract]:The triad organization refers to a large number of members, with a strict organization and organizational subculture, the use of violence, threats or violence, threats as the backing, control of certain social areas or industries, infiltrated into the power and established an umbrella. A semi-covert social group whose ultimate aim is to gain economic benefits. It is the essential characteristic of the underworld organization to seek economic benefits in a certain social area or profession by taking refuge of power and organization violence. Gangsterization of criminal organizations means that in order to obtain greater economic benefits, ordinary criminal organizations take means and measures such as bribery of government officials, use of violence, monopoly of criminal resources and criminal markets, strict management, etc., and gradually form an economic purpose. Many members, organization tightness, violence, monopoly, semi-concealment, have their own characteristics of subculture and umbrella, so as to evolve into the process of triad organization. This includes socialization of organizational structure, socialization of criminal activities and socialization of organizational safety. In regard to the formation of underworld organizations, Chinese scholars have put forward comprehensive cause theory and various specific cause theories, and foreign scholars have put forward theories such as rational choice theory, violent help theory, social cybernetics and so on. However, the root causes of the criminal organization underworld have not been scientifically and systematically expounded. Individuals form or participate in criminal organizations in order to obtain greater economic benefits and meet other psychological needs, which is the meta-motive force of criminal organizations. In order to survive and develop, to meet the economic and other psychological needs of the members of the organization, the criminal organization must obtain the greatest economic benefits, which is the organizational motive force for the criminal organization to turn into a triad society. Visible, obtain the biggest economic benefit, it is the root cause that promotes criminal organization underworld turn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：D917

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