中國的永久移民
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-18 17:46
【摘要】：中國的戶口制度阻礙了農(nóng)村居民向城市的遷移。然而,農(nóng)村居民仍能通過接受較好的教育、提干或參軍等方式獲得城市戶口。利用2002年的大樣本調(diào)查,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)永久移民的數(shù)量大約為1億,約占現(xiàn)今城市居民的20%。與留在農(nóng)村的農(nóng)民相比,永久移民的經(jīng)濟狀況得到了很大的改善。成為永久移民的概率與父母教育水平、漢族身份、父母黨員身份等正相關(guān)。永久移民的經(jīng)濟狀況與獲得戶口時的年齡有關(guān)。較年輕時就獲得戶口的永久移民的收入要高于城市原住民,較晚獲得戶口的永久移民的收入則要低于城市原住民。盡管大部分永久移民成功地融入了城市生活,但那些通過非職業(yè)途徑獲得戶口的永久移民,卻遠(yuǎn)非如此。
[Abstract]:China's hukou system hampers the migration of rural residents to cities. However, rural residents can still obtain urban hukou through better education, promotion or enlistment. Using a large sample survey in 2002, we found that the number of permanent immigrants was about 100 million, about 20 percent of today's urban residents. The economy of permanent immigrants has improved considerably compared with the farmers who remain in the countryside. The probability of permanent immigration is positively correlated with parents' educational level, Han nationality status, and parent party member status. The economic status of permanent immigrants is related to their age at the time of residence. Permanent immigrants who received hukou at a younger age earned higher incomes than urban natives, while permanent migrants who acquired hukou later earned lower incomes than urban natives. While most permanent immigrants have succeeded in integrating into urban life, those who have acquired residency through non-professional means are far from doing so.
【作者單位】：
【分類號】：D631.42
[Abstract]:China's hukou system hampers the migration of rural residents to cities. However, rural residents can still obtain urban hukou through better education, promotion or enlistment. Using a large sample survey in 2002, we found that the number of permanent immigrants was about 100 million, about 20 percent of today's urban residents. The economy of permanent immigrants has improved considerably compared with the farmers who remain in the countryside. The probability of permanent immigration is positively correlated with parents' educational level, Han nationality status, and parent party member status. The economic status of permanent immigrants is related to their age at the time of residence. Permanent immigrants who received hukou at a younger age earned higher incomes than urban natives, while permanent migrants who acquired hukou later earned lower incomes than urban natives. While most permanent immigrants have succeeded in integrating into urban life, those who have acquired residency through non-professional means are far from doing so.
【作者單位】：
【分類號】：D631.42
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