【摘要】： 國家是人口的集合,人口管理是國家管理的重要組成部分,人口管理職能是國家內(nèi)部管理的重要職能。古今中外的統(tǒng)治者都希望將人口問題管理好,因?yàn)橹挥腥丝趩栴}管理好了,國家內(nèi)部才能穩(wěn)定,統(tǒng)治的基礎(chǔ)才能扎實(shí),此外,只有人口問題解決了,國家的其他行為才能得到順利開展。就我國而言,多年來,一直主要依賴戶籍制度實(shí)施人口管理,這對解決之前計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下的人口問題非常有效。然而隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展變革,當(dāng)市場經(jīng)濟(jì)在中國大地上繁榮昌盛的時(shí)候,人們發(fā)現(xiàn),改革帶來的一系列沖擊正不斷地挑戰(zhàn)原有的制度,傳統(tǒng)的戶籍制度已經(jīng)不能很好適應(yīng)現(xiàn)階段人口管理的需要,在日益突出的人口流動問題面前,戶籍制度顯得蒼白無力,效用低迷。學(xué)者專家們驚呼,如再無有效措施,人口流動問題將失控。上海市作為走在改革前列的城市,自改革開放以來經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展尤為迅猛,人口流動問題非常突出,常住人口人戶分離現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,外來人口數(shù)量巨大,這些問題帶來了一系列副作用,成為困擾管理部門的重要問題。本文試圖通過對上海市人口狀況的研究,為上海乃至全國的人口管理工作盡綿薄之力。本文討論的內(nèi)容定位于“實(shí)有人口”,目的是跳出戶籍制度的圈子,研究上海市區(qū)域內(nèi)的所有人口。在研究過程中,筆者認(rèn)為,上海市人口中有固定住址的戶籍人口相對容易管理,可沿用原有管理方式繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,因此,重點(diǎn)討論上海市戶籍人口中“人戶分離”的人口,以及外來人口。歸納一點(diǎn),筆者更關(guān)注人口的流動問題。因?yàn)槿丝诘牧鲃訂栴},是現(xiàn)有人口狀況與計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代人口狀況的最大區(qū)別。
[Abstract]:State is the collection of population, population management is an important part of national management, and the function of population management is an important function of national internal management. The rulers of all times and all over the world hope to manage the population problem well, because only when the population problem is well managed can the country be stable and the foundation of its rule be solid. In addition, only when the population problem has been solved, Only other acts of the state can be carried out smoothly. As far as China is concerned, for many years, it has mainly relied on the household registration system to implement population management, which is very effective in solving the population problems under the planned economy. However, with the development and transformation of the economy, when the market economy flourished in China, people found that a series of shocks brought about by the reform were constantly challenging the original system. The traditional household registration system has not been able to meet the needs of population management at the present stage. In the face of the increasingly prominent population flow, the household registration system is weak and ineffective. Scholars and experts exclaimed that without effective measures, population mobility would be out of control. As a city in the forefront of reform and opening up, Shanghai has witnessed rapid economic development since the reform and opening up. The problem of population mobility is very prominent. The phenomenon of separation of permanent residents from households is serious, and the number of immigrants is huge. These problems have brought a series of side effects and become an important problem puzzling the management department. This paper attempts to contribute to the population management of Shanghai and even the whole country through the study of the population situation in Shanghai. The purpose of this paper is to study all the population in Shanghai area out of the circle of household registration system. In the course of the research, the author thinks that the household registration population with fixed address in Shanghai population is relatively easy to manage, and can continue to carry on with the original management mode. Therefore, the author focuses on the population of "household separation" in Shanghai household registration population. And the foreign population. To sum up, the author pays more attention to the problem of population mobility. The problem of population mobility is the biggest difference between the current population status and the population status in the planned economy era.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：D631.42

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本文編號：2234226