未成年人犯罪心理分析及預(yù)防
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-02 08:00
【摘要】：本文針對近年來國內(nèi)外未成年人犯罪呈日漸上升趨勢,未成年人心理問題發(fā)生率日漸增高的現(xiàn)狀,從社會需要出發(fā),將生理和心理發(fā)生急劇變化的犯罪未成年人作為研究對象,在犯罪心理學(xué)理論的指導(dǎo)下,闡述了當(dāng)前我國未成年人犯罪的一些理論和實踐問題。文章分為四部分： 第一部分,探討未成年人、未成年人犯罪、未成年人犯罪心理的內(nèi)涵以及研究未成年人犯罪心理的目的和意義,并分析當(dāng)前我國未成年人犯罪呈現(xiàn)的特點,說明預(yù)防未成年人犯罪心理發(fā)生的必要性和緊迫性。 第二部分,為了更深入地剖析未成年人犯罪的心理,以更好地預(yù)防未成年人犯罪,本文進(jìn)一步探討了未成年人犯罪的心理特點,分析了認(rèn)知特征、情感特征、意志特征、動機特征、個性特征等對未成年人犯罪心理形成的影響；在此基礎(chǔ)上,從未成年人社會化過程中出現(xiàn)的各種特殊矛盾,如心理發(fā)展落后于生理發(fā)育的矛盾,未成年人主體與客觀現(xiàn)實的矛盾,未成年人心理結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部各因素的矛盾等入手,探討了未成年人犯罪心理形成的身心基礎(chǔ),從理論上全方位揭示了未成年人犯罪心理形成的過程。 第三部分,分析了影響未成年人犯罪心理形成的外部不良環(huán)境因素和內(nèi)部不良心理因素。外部環(huán)境因素主要從家庭、學(xué)校、社會這三個容易引發(fā)未成年人犯罪心理的因素進(jìn)行闡述。首先,不良的家庭因素主要包括家庭結(jié)構(gòu)不完整,家庭教育模式不當(dāng),家庭氛圍不和諧；其次,不良的學(xué)校因素包括教學(xué)管理體制不健全,教育內(nèi)容不科學(xué),同伴群體的不良影響；再次,不良的社會環(huán)境因素包括社會轉(zhuǎn)型的消極影響,社區(qū)的負(fù)面影響,不良文化的影響。內(nèi)部心理因素包括逆反心理,從眾心理,好奇心理和模仿心理。 第四部分,針對影響未成年人的外部不良環(huán)境因素和內(nèi)部不良心理因素,提出未成年人犯罪心理的預(yù)防對策。從外部對策上來講,一要營造溫馨的家庭氛圍,二要重點發(fā)揮學(xué)校的教育功能,三要打造健康的社會環(huán)境；從內(nèi)部對策上講,要提高未成年人的自我意識水平。 本文在研究方法上采用案例分析法、經(jīng)驗總結(jié)法和文獻(xiàn)分析法,期望通過對未成年人犯罪心理特征、犯罪心理形成原因以及犯罪心理預(yù)防的研究,揭示未成年人犯罪心理形成的內(nèi)在本質(zhì),豐富和完善現(xiàn)有的犯罪心理學(xué)體系,并為家庭、學(xué)校等對未成年人進(jìn)行正確的教育,培養(yǎng)健全人格,促進(jìn)未成年人的健康成長提供理論指導(dǎo),以便有效地預(yù)防和控制未成年人犯罪的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:In view of the rising trend of juvenile delinquency and the increasing incidence of psychological problems of minors at home and abroad in recent years, starting from the social needs, this paper takes juvenile delinquents whose physiology and psychology change dramatically as the research object. Under the guidance of the theory of criminal psychology, this paper expounds some theoretical and practical problems of juvenile delinquency in China. The article is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the connotation of juvenile delinquency psychology and the purpose and significance of studying juvenile delinquency psychology. The characteristics of juvenile delinquency in China are analyzed, and the necessity and urgency of preventing juvenile delinquency are explained. In the second part, in order to analyze the psychology of juvenile delinquency and prevent juvenile delinquency better, this paper further discusses the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency, analyzes the cognitive characteristics, emotional characteristics, and will characteristics. On the basis of the influence of the characteristics of motive and personality on the formation of juvenile's criminal psychology, various special contradictions, such as the contradiction that the psychological development lags behind the physiological development, appear in the process of the minors' socialization. Starting with the contradiction between the subject and the objective reality of the minor and the contradiction of the various factors within the psychological structure of the minor, this paper probes into the mental and physical basis of the formation of the juvenile's criminal psychology. Theoretically, it reveals the forming process of juvenile delinquency psychology. The third part analyzes the external adverse environmental factors and internal bad psychological factors that affect the formation of juvenile delinquency psychology. External environmental factors mainly from the family, school, society, which are prone to lead to juvenile delinquency psychological factors. First of all, the bad family factors mainly include incomplete family structure, improper family education model and unharmonious family atmosphere. Secondly, the bad school factors include the imperfect teaching management system, the unscientific content of education. Thirdly, the negative social environmental factors include the negative influence of social transformation, the negative influence of community, and the influence of bad culture. Internal psychological factors include reverse psychology, herd psychology, curiosity and imitation psychology. The fourth part, according to the external bad environment factor and the internal bad psychological factor of the minor, puts forward the prevention countermeasure of juvenile delinquency psychology. From the external countermeasures, first, to create a warm family atmosphere, second, to give play to the educational function of the school, third, to create a healthy social environment; from the internal countermeasures, to improve the level of self-awareness of minors. In this paper, case analysis method, experience summary method and literature analysis method are used to study the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency, the reasons for the formation of criminal psychology and the prevention of criminal psychology. To reveal the inner essence of the formation of juvenile delinquency psychology, to enrich and perfect the existing criminal psychology system, and to educate the minors correctly for their families and schools, so as to cultivate a sound personality. To promote the healthy growth of minors to provide theoretical guidance in order to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of juvenile delinquency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D917.2
本文編號：2158736
[Abstract]:In view of the rising trend of juvenile delinquency and the increasing incidence of psychological problems of minors at home and abroad in recent years, starting from the social needs, this paper takes juvenile delinquents whose physiology and psychology change dramatically as the research object. Under the guidance of the theory of criminal psychology, this paper expounds some theoretical and practical problems of juvenile delinquency in China. The article is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the connotation of juvenile delinquency psychology and the purpose and significance of studying juvenile delinquency psychology. The characteristics of juvenile delinquency in China are analyzed, and the necessity and urgency of preventing juvenile delinquency are explained. In the second part, in order to analyze the psychology of juvenile delinquency and prevent juvenile delinquency better, this paper further discusses the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency, analyzes the cognitive characteristics, emotional characteristics, and will characteristics. On the basis of the influence of the characteristics of motive and personality on the formation of juvenile's criminal psychology, various special contradictions, such as the contradiction that the psychological development lags behind the physiological development, appear in the process of the minors' socialization. Starting with the contradiction between the subject and the objective reality of the minor and the contradiction of the various factors within the psychological structure of the minor, this paper probes into the mental and physical basis of the formation of the juvenile's criminal psychology. Theoretically, it reveals the forming process of juvenile delinquency psychology. The third part analyzes the external adverse environmental factors and internal bad psychological factors that affect the formation of juvenile delinquency psychology. External environmental factors mainly from the family, school, society, which are prone to lead to juvenile delinquency psychological factors. First of all, the bad family factors mainly include incomplete family structure, improper family education model and unharmonious family atmosphere. Secondly, the bad school factors include the imperfect teaching management system, the unscientific content of education. Thirdly, the negative social environmental factors include the negative influence of social transformation, the negative influence of community, and the influence of bad culture. Internal psychological factors include reverse psychology, herd psychology, curiosity and imitation psychology. The fourth part, according to the external bad environment factor and the internal bad psychological factor of the minor, puts forward the prevention countermeasure of juvenile delinquency psychology. From the external countermeasures, first, to create a warm family atmosphere, second, to give play to the educational function of the school, third, to create a healthy social environment; from the internal countermeasures, to improve the level of self-awareness of minors. In this paper, case analysis method, experience summary method and literature analysis method are used to study the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency, the reasons for the formation of criminal psychology and the prevention of criminal psychology. To reveal the inner essence of the formation of juvenile delinquency psychology, to enrich and perfect the existing criminal psychology system, and to educate the minors correctly for their families and schools, so as to cultivate a sound personality. To promote the healthy growth of minors to provide theoretical guidance in order to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of juvenile delinquency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D917.2
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