本文選題：暴力傾向性心理結(jié)構(gòu) + 攻擊本能　； 參考：《中國政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 暴力犯罪,由于其的當(dāng)場性、破壞性和強暴性,往往給被害人帶來的傷害比其它類型犯罪更為直觀、明顯、深刻,而且難以彌補和愈合。同時,暴力犯罪對社會公眾的安全感的影響也大于其他類型的犯罪。大眾安全感下降,對國家權(quán)威缺乏信心,必然會導(dǎo)致社會不穩(wěn)定,犯罪隱患增加,各種不法行為滋長。由此惡性循環(huán),愈演愈烈。我國現(xiàn)階段的暴力犯罪已經(jīng)日益呈現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)代化、低齡化、有組織化等特點,犯罪情節(jié)越來越嚴重,給國家和人民都造成了巨大的損害。因此,從犯罪心理學(xué)的角度研究暴力犯罪行為,分析暴力犯罪的心理機制,以便能夠從中尋求出更好地遏止暴力犯罪、預(yù)防暴力犯罪的手段和方法是十分有意義的。 在借鑒和分析了心理學(xué)幾大流派對人行為的形成的解釋和研究,筆者認為任何一個單獨的理論都不足以解釋暴力犯罪行為的發(fā)生,而應(yīng)當(dāng)把各種理論加以整合運用。筆者將暴力犯罪心理機制的形成分為兩個階段:一是傾向于暴力行為的心理結(jié)構(gòu)的形成階段,即暴力犯罪人在其成長過程中社會化的階段;二是暴力犯罪動機的形成并外化階段,即實際發(fā)生暴力犯罪行為的階段。 在第一個階段中,筆者首先從認知、情緒、人格和能力三個方面闡述了暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)有哪些特點;其次,筆者就影響暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)形成的各種因素,從生理、心理和社會三個層次作了詳細地闡述,尤其在心理因素方面,特別強調(diào)了本能、認知發(fā)展、行為強化等因素在暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)形成過程中的重要作用,并進一步論述了生理因素、社會因素與這些心理因素相互作用、相互影響的關(guān)系;最后,筆者根據(jù)暴力犯罪人社會化歷程的差別,將暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)的形成模式分為三種:一是顯性的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)即形成過程中伴隨有行為強化的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu),二是隱性的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)即形成過程中暴力行為沒有外化但是在心理得到強化的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu),三是突變的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)即在特定的外界刺激下原有的非暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)瓦解進而形成的暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu),同時,以圖表的形式對三種結(jié)構(gòu)形成過程中的具體環(huán)節(jié)進行了論述。 在第二個階段中,筆者主要闡述了暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)是如何與個體的需求和外界的環(huán)境相結(jié)合最終導(dǎo)致暴力犯罪動機的產(chǎn)生的過程,并論述了各個因素即需要、外部誘因和暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)在暴力犯罪動機產(chǎn)生和暴力犯罪行為發(fā)生過程中的作用。 通過對暴力犯罪心理機制的構(gòu)建,筆者認為暴力犯罪人與非暴力犯罪人的根本區(qū)別在于暴力犯罪人在其成長過程中由于各種因素的作用形成了暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)。因此,我們要遏制暴力犯罪首先要從預(yù)防暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)的形成做起,也就是說要充分利用環(huán)境對行為和認知的強化作用,通過各種教育手段和訓(xùn)練模式幫助個體從小就形成正確地行為模式和認知,塑造個體的非暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu),形成健康的人格。而對那些已經(jīng)實施暴力犯罪的人則要從心理和行為上對其進行重塑,幫助其重新建立穩(wěn)定的非暴力犯罪心理結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Violent crime, because of its field, destructive and violent nature, often brings more harm to the victim than other types of crime, which is more intuitive, obvious, profound, and difficult to make up and healing. At the same time, the effect of violent crime on the public's sense of security is greater than that of other types of crime. It will inevitably lead to social instability, the increase of criminal risks and the growth of various wrongful acts. Thus, the vicious circle has become more and more intense. The present stage of violent crime in our country has become increasingly present, low age, organized and so on. The plot of the crime is becoming more and more serious and has caused great damage to both the family and the people. Therefore, from the crime heart It is of great significance to study violent crime and analyze the psychological mechanism of violent crime in order to find out the means and methods to prevent violent crime and to prevent violent crime.
The author thinks that any single theory is not enough to explain the occurrence of violent crime, and should integrate all kinds of theories. The author puts the psychological mechanism of violent crime into two stages: one is the tendency to violent behavior. The formation stage of the psychological structure is the stage of the socialization of the violent offender in the process of its growth; the two is the stage of the formation and externalization of the motive of violent crime, that is, the stage of the actual violent crime.
In the first stage, the author first expounds the characteristics of the psychological structure of violent crime from three aspects of cognition, emotion, personality and ability. Secondly, the author expounds all kinds of factors that affect the formation of psychological structure of violent crime, and expounds in detail from three levels of physiology, psychology and society, especially in psychological factors. The important role of the factors such as instinct, cognitive development and behavior intensification in the formation of psychological structure of violent crime, and further discuss the physiological factors, the interaction between social factors and these psychological factors, and the relationship between each other. Finally, the author based on the difference of the socialization process of violent crime, the formation model of the psychological structure of violent crime. There are three types: one is the dominant psychological structure of violent crime, that is, the psychological structure of violent crime accompanied by behavior, the two is the psychological structure of the recessive violent crime, that is, the violence is not externalized but the psychological structure of the violent crime is strengthened in the psychology, and the three is the psychological structure of the sudden violent crime. At the same time, the psychological structure of the original non violent criminal psychological structure disintegrates and then forms the psychological structure of violent crime. At the same time, the concrete links in the formation of the three kinds of structures are discussed in the form of chart.
In the second stage, the author mainly expounds how the psychological structure of violent crime combines with the needs of the individual and the environment of the outside world to lead to the motive of the violent crime, and discusses the various factors, such as the needs, the external causes and the psychological structure of the violent crime in the violent crime motive and the violent crime. The role of the process.
Through the construction of psychological mechanism of violent crime, the author thinks that the fundamental difference between violent criminals and non violent offenders is that violent crimes have formed the psychological structure of violent crimes in the process of their growth. Therefore, we should first take the formation of the psychological structure of violence prevention to contain violence crime. In other words, we should make full use of the strengthening effect of environment on behavior and cognition, help individuals form correct behavior patterns and cognition through various educational means and training patterns, shape individual non violent criminal psychological structure and form healthy personality. And those who have committed violent crimes have to be psychological and behavioral. Rebuild it and help them rebuild a stable non violent criminal psychological structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D917.2

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉建清;犯罪動機與人格[D];中國政法大學(xué);2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 尚子翔;城市治安違法行為的社會學(xué)分析[D];西北大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2018197