本文選題：死亡時(shí)間 + 皮膚��； 參考：《四川大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景及目的：死亡時(shí)間的推測(cè)歷來是法醫(yī)病理學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，以往的研究多利用機(jī)體的死后變化來反推其經(jīng)歷的死后間隔時(shí)間，對(duì)較短期死亡時(shí)間的推斷有較好的方法，而對(duì)較長(zhǎng)死亡時(shí)間的推斷往往誤差較大。皮膚是黏彈性體，具有一定的生物力學(xué)特性，又是機(jī)體死后分解破壞發(fā)生較遲的部分，死后的腐敗自溶使皮膚的組織結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變而影響其生物力學(xué)特性。本研究觀察不同環(huán)境條件下死后不同時(shí)間大鼠皮膚生物力學(xué)特性的變化規(guī)律，結(jié)合其大體、組織學(xué)(主要是膠原、彈力纖維)的改變，探索上述三者變化的關(guān)聯(lián)及與死亡時(shí)間的相關(guān)性，為利用皮膚大體、組織學(xué)和生物力學(xué)特性的死后改變推斷死亡時(shí)間，特別是較長(zhǎng)的死后間隔時(shí)間建立實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物依據(jù)。 方法：健康S-D大鼠54只，雌性，記錄身長(zhǎng)、體重，隨機(jī)分為A、B兩組，按死后取材時(shí)間，A實(shí)驗(yàn)組(實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間：2005年9月23～9月30日，環(huán)境溫度：23.0～30.5℃)分為死后0h(小時(shí))，6h，，12h，1d(天)，2d，3d，4d，5d，6d，7d組，B實(shí)驗(yàn)組(實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間：2005年11月31～12月20日，環(huán)境溫度：2.5～9.0℃)分為死后0h，1d，2d，4d，8d，12d，16d，20d組，每組3只。所有大鼠均以頸脫位法處死，擺放為俯臥位，置于室內(nèi)、通風(fēng)、避光環(huán)境，防止動(dòng)物、昆蟲破壞，觀察死后不同時(shí)間大鼠尸體的大體改變。按分組取大鼠背部中線一側(cè)全層皮膚作生物力學(xué)測(cè)試，測(cè)得皮膚的斷裂負(fù)荷、延伸長(zhǎng)度、斷裂能量，計(jì)算其相應(yīng)的張應(yīng)力、延伸率、應(yīng)變能(面積、體積)密度數(shù)值并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析；同時(shí)取對(duì)側(cè)相應(yīng)部位全層皮膚制作組織化學(xué)切片并進(jìn)行HE染色和麗春紅—維多利亞藍(lán)膠原、彈力
[Abstract]:Background and objective: the estimation of the time of death has always been the focus and difficulty of forensic pathology. Previous studies have used the post-mortem changes of the body to push back the postmortem interval. There is a better method for the estimation of the short death time, but the error for the longer death time is often larger. Skin is a viscoelastic body with certain biomechanical properties, and it is also a late part of body decomposition and destruction after death. Post-mortem decomposing autolysis changes the tissue structure of skin and affects its biomechanical properties. In this study, we observed the changes of biomechanical characteristics of rat skin at different time after death under different environmental conditions, combined with the changes of gross and histological (mainly collagen, elastic fiber). To explore the relationship between the three changes and the time of death, we established the experimental animal basis for estimating the time of death by using the changes of gross, histological and biomechanical characteristics of the skin, especially the long postmortem interval. Methods: 54 healthy S-D rats, female, recorded their body length and body weight, were randomly divided into two groups: group A and group A according to the time of postmortem sampling (experimental time: September 23 to September 30, 2005). The environmental temperature was 23.0 鈩

本文編號(hào)：1979399