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涉槍犯罪特點(diǎn)、成因及偵防機(jī)制研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-05-30 04:17

  本文選題:涉槍 + 犯罪; 參考:《西南政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文


【摘要】: 涉槍犯罪的現(xiàn)實(shí)存在狀態(tài)沒(méi)有理由讓我們對(duì)其未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)作出樂(lè)觀的估計(jì),涉槍犯罪不僅侵害了特定對(duì)象的人身權(quán)和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán),而且更是對(duì)社會(huì)公共安全的嚴(yán)重威脅。二十世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),涉槍犯罪在我國(guó)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),持槍搶劫、持槍殺人等惡性案件不斷發(fā)生,嚴(yán)重破壞和威脅社會(huì)治安。涉槍犯罪具有嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)危害性,是因?yàn)闃屩Ь哂斜绕渌稻吒鼜?qiáng)大的殺傷力,以其作為工具實(shí)施犯罪,能對(duì)他人造成強(qiáng)烈的心理強(qiáng)制和威脅,對(duì)他人人身和公私財(cái)產(chǎn)造成嚴(yán)重的危害,而以其為對(duì)象的犯罪則往往是為了獲取槍支,以便利用槍支實(shí)施其它犯罪活動(dòng),對(duì)社會(huì)存在著潛在的危險(xiǎn)。 涉槍犯罪作為一個(gè)概念,是我國(guó)自20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),尤其是90年代初以后伴隨著槍支犯罪的日益發(fā)展,公安機(jī)關(guān)在收槍治爆、嚴(yán)懲涉槍犯罪的過(guò)程中逐步概括出來(lái)的一個(gè)準(zhǔn)專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。從涉槍犯罪的內(nèi)在規(guī)律性及其表現(xiàn)形式出發(fā),,本文對(duì)涉槍犯罪的概念及其刑法學(xué)特征進(jìn)行了初步的探析,筆者認(rèn)為,所謂涉槍犯罪是指《中華人民共和國(guó)刑法》所規(guī)制的違反《中華人民共和國(guó)槍支管理法》,且以槍支、彈藥為犯罪對(duì)象或犯罪工具的各種犯罪行為在理論上的總稱(chēng),是對(duì)多種與槍支、彈藥相關(guān)聯(lián)的犯罪行為在理論上的一個(gè)整理與歸類(lèi)。 通過(guò)對(duì)涉槍犯罪的宏觀特征、時(shí)空特征、主體特征、行為特征深入細(xì)致的分析,從社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、制度、環(huán)境等多方面追尋了涉槍犯罪的成因。筆者認(rèn)為,涉槍犯罪的對(duì)策上,重在建立科學(xué)系統(tǒng)偵防機(jī)制,包含有兩個(gè)構(gòu)成體系,其一是涉槍犯罪偵查機(jī)制,其二是涉槍犯罪防控機(jī)制。偵查機(jī)制離不開(kāi)防控機(jī)制的保障與支持,防控機(jī)制離不開(kāi)偵查機(jī)制的支撐與維護(hù),兩者相互作用,互為補(bǔ)充。在涉槍案件的偵查機(jī)制中,筆者提出要建立快速反應(yīng)、多層次協(xié)作、并案?jìng)刹、偵查保障等機(jī)制,以保證打擊的及時(shí)性、主動(dòng)性、連續(xù)性,有效遏制涉槍犯罪。同時(shí),為了拋磚引玉,筆者對(duì)涉槍犯罪中比較典型的持槍殺人案件、黑社會(huì)性質(zhì)組織涉槍案件、非法制造販賣(mài)槍支案件的偵查提出了工作要點(diǎn)。在涉槍犯罪的防控上,筆者依據(jù)其發(fā)生的時(shí)間及所起的功效不同把涉槍犯罪防控理論劃分為三個(gè)不同的層次:初級(jí)預(yù)防、中級(jí)預(yù)防與高級(jí)預(yù)防,進(jìn)行了分析,提出了對(duì)犯罪工具、人員、重點(diǎn)作案目標(biāo)、特殊行業(yè)控制和社會(huì)矛盾化解、群眾舉報(bào)、情報(bào)信息綜合匯總研判等機(jī)制。 應(yīng)當(dāng)看到,對(duì)涉槍犯罪的偵查和防控并不是一蹴而就的事情,它需要我們長(zhǎng)時(shí)期的不懈努力。一方面,公安機(jī)關(guān)要保證高效率的案件偵破,嚴(yán)厲打擊每一件已然之罪以防止犯罪示范效應(yīng)的發(fā)生;另一方面,公安機(jī)關(guān)還要加強(qiáng)基層基礎(chǔ)工作,嚴(yán)格控制槍支、彈藥,堵源截流,以防槍支的流失。當(dāng)然,僅靠公安機(jī)關(guān)來(lái)預(yù)防涉槍犯罪是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的,預(yù)防犯罪本身就是個(gè)系統(tǒng)工程,其根本途徑還在于社會(huì)綜合治理,充分發(fā)揮社會(huì)各部門(mén)的職能,從建立完善社會(huì)保障體系、凈化社會(huì)空氣、弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)正義入手,加強(qiáng)道德法制教育力度,提高公眾的法律意識(shí)。唯如此,才能有效地對(duì)涉槍犯罪進(jìn)行防控以保證社會(huì)的長(zhǎng)治久安。
[Abstract]:There is no reason for us to make an optimistic estimate of the future development trend of the gun crime. The gun crime not only infringes on the personal rights and property rights of specific objects, but also is a serious threat to social public security. Since 80s twentieth Century, the crime of gun crime has continued to grow in China, armed robbery and gunshot murder. Such malignant cases continue to occur, seriously damaging and threatening social security. Gun crime has serious social harmfulness. It is because the gun has more powerful killing force than other weapons, and it can cause a strong psychological coercion and threat to others, and cause serious harm to others, public and private property. The crime often takes place in order to obtain guns, so as to facilitate the implementation of other criminal activities with guns, which is a potential danger to society.
As a concept, the crime involving the gun is a quasi professional term that the public security organs gradually generalize in the process of the gun crime and the gun crime since the 1980s, especially since the beginning of the 90s. The concept of gun crime and the characteristics of criminal law are preliminarily discussed. The author thinks that the so-called gun crime refers to the violation of the law of the People's Republic of China criminal law, which violates the law of the management of the firearms in People's Republic of China, and the general title of all kinds of criminal acts with guns and ammunition as the object of the crime or the tools of the crime. A theoretical collation and classification of crime related to firearms and ammunition.
Through a thorough and detailed analysis of the macro characteristics, temporal and spatial characteristics, the main features and the behavior characteristics of the gun crime involving the gun, the causes of the gun related crime are pursued from the social, economic, institutional and environmental aspects. The author believes that the Countermeasures of the gun crime involve the establishment of a scientific system of detection and defense, including two components, one involving the detection of gun crime. The mechanism of investigation, the other is the mechanism involving the prevention and control of the gun crime. The investigation mechanism can not be separated from the protection and support of the prevention and control mechanism, the prevention and control mechanism can not be separated from the support and maintenance of the investigation mechanism. The two interact and complement each other. In the investigation mechanism of the case involving the gun, the author proposes to establish the mechanism of rapid counter response, multi-level cooperation, case investigation, investigation guarantee and so on. In order to ensure the timeliness, initiative and continuity of the attack, it is effective to contain the gun crime. At the same time, in order to attract jade, the author puts forward the main points of the investigation of the cases of gun murder in the crime involved in the gun crime, the criminal case involving the black society and the investigation of the cases of the illegal manufacture and sale of firearms. The time and effect of birth have divided the theory of gun crime prevention and control into three different levels: primary prevention, intermediate prevention and advanced prevention, carried out analysis, and put forward the mechanism of crime tools, personnel, key crime targets, special industry control and social conflict resolution, mass report, comprehensive summary and study of information and information.
It should be seen that the investigation and prevention of gun crime is not an overnight thing, it needs our unremitting efforts for a long time. On the one hand, the public security organs should guarantee the detection of high efficiency cases and crack down on every one of the crimes to prevent the demonstration effect of the crime; on the other hand, the public security organs should also strengthen basic basic workers. In order to prevent the loss of firearms, the prevention of gun crime is far from enough. The prevention of crime itself is a systematic project. The fundamental way is to integrate the social comprehensive management, give full play to the functions of the social departments, and to improve the social security system and purify the social space. Qi, carrying forward the social justice, strengthening the moral legal education and raising the public's legal consciousness. Only in this way can we effectively prevent and control the crime involving the gun in order to ensure the long-term stability of the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:D917;D918

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