本文選題：犯罪黑數(shù) + 刑事訴訟�。� 參考：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 犯罪黑數(shù),又稱(chēng)犯罪隱數(shù)或犯罪暗數(shù),是指一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)一定時(shí)期內(nèi),社會(huì)上已經(jīng)發(fā)生但尚未被司法機(jī)關(guān)獲知或沒(méi)有被納入官方犯罪統(tǒng)計(jì)的刑事犯罪案件的數(shù)量。對(duì)犯罪黑數(shù)的研究,可以了解公民成為犯罪被害者的危險(xiǎn)程度,調(diào)查公民對(duì)社會(huì)治安狀況的滿意程度,可以進(jìn)一步了解執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)的執(zhí)法水平,并且為刑事的政策的制定提供參考。西方的犯罪黑數(shù)研究更多偏重于社會(huì)學(xué)以及刑事政策學(xué)的探討,本文將突破傳統(tǒng)的研究方法,重點(diǎn)考察現(xiàn)行刑事訴訟制度的各階段可能產(chǎn)生犯罪黑數(shù)的原因,并且結(jié)合我國(guó)的特有的制度(勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度)以及治安管理處罰制度,闡述犯罪黑數(shù)的產(chǎn)生原因,并且論述減少犯罪黑數(shù)所應(yīng)該采取的具體措施。 論文共分五個(gè)部分: 第一部分闡述犯罪黑數(shù)的基本范疇。從犯罪黑數(shù)的概念談起,具體論述犯罪黑數(shù)的分類(lèi)以及特性,并且將詳細(xì)論述研究犯罪黑數(shù)的意義以及局限性。 第二部分闡述當(dāng)前西方犯罪黑數(shù)的研究狀況。最早提出犯罪黑數(shù)的概念以及最早對(duì)其進(jìn)行詳細(xì)研究的都是西方的一些學(xué)者,尤其以德國(guó)和美國(guó)的研究最有代表性。因此,分析德國(guó)和美國(guó)學(xué)者的研究方法以及研究成果,將能使本文的論述更有理論基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分將介紹我國(guó)犯罪黑數(shù)的現(xiàn)狀以及有其帶來(lái)的危害性。由于犯罪黑數(shù)不能夠統(tǒng)計(jì)得出,其只是一個(gè)估計(jì)數(shù)字,只能通過(guò)現(xiàn)有統(tǒng)計(jì)的犯罪數(shù)量并且通過(guò)一定的方法估測(cè)得到。根據(jù)公安機(jī)關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字并且結(jié)合西方犯罪黑數(shù)的理論成果以及我國(guó)的基本國(guó)情,將呈現(xiàn)給讀者我國(guó)的犯罪黑數(shù)現(xiàn)狀。 第四部分是本文的重點(diǎn),將探討產(chǎn)生犯罪黑數(shù)的原因。立案階段犯罪黑數(shù)的產(chǎn)生原因主要是被害人不愿意報(bào)案以及司法機(jī)關(guān)的立案不實(shí);偵查階段犯罪黑數(shù)的產(chǎn)生原因則主要是偵查機(jī)關(guān)破案率低以及其錯(cuò)誤撤銷(xiāo)案件所致;起訴階段犯罪黑數(shù)的產(chǎn)生原因是由于檢察機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)應(yīng)當(dāng)起訴的案件作不起訴處理;審判階段犯罪黑數(shù)的產(chǎn)生則是現(xiàn)有法院的某些制度不盡合理以及法官對(duì)犯罪的認(rèn)識(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(即在實(shí)體正義標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下)作出無(wú)罪判決進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致犯罪隱案。此外,還將探討存在于被錯(cuò)誤的予以勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)以及治安處罰中的犯罪隱案,進(jìn)一步闡述犯罪隱案的發(fā)生原因。 第五部分在上文分析了可能產(chǎn)生犯罪黑數(shù)的原因的基礎(chǔ)上,具體分析減少犯罪黑數(shù)的一些具體措施。主要提出完善我國(guó)刑事訴訟制度的建議,并且提出減少勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)以及治安處罰中的犯罪隱案的措施。
[Abstract]:Crime black number, also called crime hidden number or crime hidden number, refers to the number of criminal cases that have occurred in a certain period of time in a country or region, but have not been known by the judicial authorities or have not been included in the official crime statistics. The study of the black number of crimes can help us to understand the degree of danger that citizens become victims of crime, to investigate the degree of satisfaction of citizens with the public security situation, and to further understand the level of law enforcement by law enforcement agencies. And provides the reference for the criminal policy formulation. The study of black number of crimes in the West is more focused on the discussion of sociology and criminal policy. This paper will break through the traditional research methods and focus on the reasons why the black number of crimes may occur in various stages of the current criminal procedure system. Combined with our country's special system (reeducation through labor system) and the punishment system of public security management, this paper expounds the causes of the black number of crimes, and discusses the concrete measures to be taken to reduce the black number of crimes. The thesis is divided into five parts: The first part expounds the basic category of crime black number. Starting from the concept of crime black number, the classification and characteristics of crime black number are discussed in detail, and the significance and limitation of studying crime black number are discussed in detail. The second part elaborates the current western crime black number research situation. Some western scholars put forward the concept of black number of crime and studied it in detail, especially in Germany and the United States. Therefore, the analysis of the research methods and results of German and American scholars will provide a more theoretical basis for this thesis. The third part will introduce our country crime black number present situation and has its harmfulness. Because the black number of crime can not be counted, it is only an estimate, which can only be estimated by the number of crimes counted and by a certain method. According to the statistics of public security organs and the theoretical results of western crime black numbers and the basic conditions of our country, the present situation of crime black numbers will be presented to readers. The fourth part is the focus of this paper, will explore the reasons for the black number of crime. The main reasons for the black number of crime in the filing stage are the victims' unwillingness to report the crime and the false record of the judicial organs, while the causes of the black number of crimes in the investigation stage are mainly due to the low detection rate of the investigation organs and the wrong revocation of the cases. The reason for the black number of crimes in the prosecution stage is that the procuratorial organs do not prosecute the cases that should be prosecuted; The black number of crimes in the trial stage is due to the fact that some systems of the existing courts are unreasonable and that the judges' standard of understanding the crime (i.e. under the standard of substantive justice) makes the acquittal and leads to the concealment of the crime. In addition, it will discuss the hidden cases of crime existing in the punishment of reeducation through labor and the punishment of public security, and further explain the causes of the hidden cases. In the fifth part, on the basis of analyzing the possible reasons of the black number of crime, the author analyzes some concrete measures to reduce the black number of the crime. This paper puts forward some suggestions to perfect the criminal procedure system in our country, and puts forward some measures to reduce the hidden cases of crime in the punishment of reeducation through labor and public security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D917;D915.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王秋杰;;國(guó)內(nèi)外犯罪黑數(shù)研究綜述[J];公安學(xué)刊(浙江警察學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào));2010年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊書(shū);青少年犯罪黑數(shù)問(wèn)題研究[D];中國(guó)政法大學(xué);2011年

2 黃曉琪;逃稅犯罪原因及其對(duì)策研究[D];南昌大學(xué);2009年

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本文編號(hào)：1851187