本文選題：刑事被害人 + 求償權��； 參考：《安徽大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國法制文明歷史悠久,在其發(fā)展的過程中,很大程度上受到“國家本位”這一理論的影響,因此,在訴訟過程中,刑事被害人的社會地位始終很低,他們的求償權雖然受到相關法律的保護,但是在司法實踐過程中,往往得不到實現(xiàn),可以說從應然到實然是一個漫長而曲折的過程。求償權是不是可以得到保證,不僅與被害人的身心所受到的傷害能否得到彌補密切相關,而且還直接決定著社會能否安定團結的發(fā)展下去。除此之外,它與中國新世紀以來所提倡的司法權的貫徹落實密切相關。所以,怎樣創(chuàng)建合理的求償權體系、如何保證被害人的法律權益都是中國在推進法治建設過程中所面臨的主要難題。其中對于刑事被害人求償權研究具有重大實際意義和現(xiàn)實作用。本文首先闡述了中國刑事被害人求償權的實際狀況,其次聯(lián)系中國司法體系的現(xiàn)狀,在實然層面認真研究和分析我國現(xiàn)在所面臨的求償權問題。 本文主要分為以下三個部分：引言、正文、結論。 第一部分,主要闡述了刑事被害人求償權的相關觀念和基本理論。文章首先介紹了世界知名學者對求償權的多種定義及其分類方法,然后概述了中國刑事被害人求償權的研究現(xiàn)狀以及各個階段的發(fā)展情況。 第二部分,概括分析各國刑事被害人求償權產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展的基本情況。隨著刑事被害人學在全球興起,我國對于刑事被害人的研究起步較晚。對于刑事被害人求償權,中國的專家學者未能制定一個明確、統(tǒng)一的定義,針對這一現(xiàn)狀,怎樣改進對刑事被害人求償權落空引發(fā)的弊端,筆者將其作為理論切入點,在此基礎上進行拓展。 第三部分,結合中國司法的具體現(xiàn)狀,明確了實現(xiàn)求償權的基本要求。并從四個方面討論制定了實現(xiàn)刑事被害人求償權的措施。在認真分析和研究各種問題產(chǎn)生原因的前提下,結合我國人權保障以及法律體系的具體背景,提出確立被害人求償權實現(xiàn)體系：即有關部門在起草制定法律時,要重視對被害人合法權益的保護,司法人員在執(zhí)法過程中盡可能融入先進的司法理念,從而用法律的手段使國人的合法權益得到最大程度的保護；在健全民事訴訟體系的基礎上,倡導犯罪人及時承擔賠償責任。文草的最后,作者認為,被害人求償權的完善與進步,需要建立一個科學、合理的訴訟步驟,健全中國刑事賠償?shù)膱?zhí)行體系,打造一個司法制度健全、司法人員業(yè)務水平過高的系統(tǒng),并以此為前提討論中國刑事司法體系的辦法和發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:Our country legal system civilization has a long history, in its development process, to a large extent by the "national standard" this theory, therefore, in the proceedings, criminal victims of social status has always been very low,Although their claims are protected by relevant laws, they are often not realized in the process of judicial practice, which can be said to be a long and tortuous process from ought to be to reality.Whether the right to claim can be guaranteed is not only closely related to whether the victim's physical and mental injury can be compensated, but also directly determines whether the society can develop steadily and coherently.In addition, it is closely related to the implementation of judicial power advocated by China in the new century.Therefore, how to establish a reasonable system of claims and how to ensure the legal rights and interests of victims are the main problems that China faces in the process of promoting the construction of the rule of law.Among them, it has great practical significance and realistic function for the research of criminal victim's claim right.This paper first expounds the actual situation of the Chinese criminal victim's right to claim, and then, according to the present situation of the Chinese judicial system, studies and analyzes the problem of the Chinese criminal victim's right of claim at the realistic level.This article is divided into the following three parts: introduction, text, conclusion.The first part, mainly elaborated the criminal victim claim the right related idea and the basic theory.This paper first introduces the various definitions and classification methods of the right of claim by famous scholars in the world, and then summarizes the present situation of the research on the right of claim of criminal victim in China and the development of each stage.In the second part, the author generalizes the basic situation of the criminal victim's right of claim in various countries.With the rise of criminal victim science in the world, the study of criminal victim in our country started late.Chinese experts and scholars have failed to formulate a clear and unified definition of the criminal victim's right to claim compensation. In view of this situation, how to improve the malpractice caused by the failure of the criminal victim's right to claim compensation is regarded as a theoretical breakthrough point.On this basis to expand.The third part, combined with the specific situation of Chinese judicature, clarifies the basic requirements for the realization of the right of claim.And from four aspects to discuss the realization of criminal victims of the right to compensation measures.On the premise of seriously analyzing and studying the causes of various problems, combining with the human rights protection and the specific background of the legal system of our country, this paper puts forward the establishment of the system of realizing the right of the victims to claim compensation: that is, when the relevant departments draft and formulate laws,We should pay attention to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the victims, the judicial personnel in the process of law enforcement as much as possible into the advanced judicial concept, so that the legal means of the people's legitimate rights and interests of the maximum degree of protection;On the basis of perfecting the civil litigation system, the criminal should bear the compensation liability in time.Finally, the author holds that the perfection and progress of the victim's right to claim requires the establishment of a scientific and reasonable procedure, a sound execution system of Chinese criminal compensation, and a sound judicial system.The system of judicial personnel with high professional level is discussed on the premise of the approach and development direction of China's criminal justice system.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D917.9

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 張少林;被害人行為刑法意義之研究[D];華東政法大學;2010年

2 盧希起;刑事被害人國家補償制度研究[D];中國政法大學;2008年

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本文編號：1760134