論國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的偵查方法和預(yù)防對策
發(fā)布時間:2018-04-14 17:02
本文選題:國有企業(yè) + 改制; 參考:《西南政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文
【摘要】: 我國的國企改制之路,始于二十世紀(jì)七十年代末改革開放之初,經(jīng)過二十多年的探索和實踐,確定了建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度的改制目標(biāo),并切實的在一定程度上轉(zhuǎn)變了企業(yè)的經(jīng)營機制,活躍了市場經(jīng)濟。目前的國有企業(yè)改制已經(jīng)觸及到最深層次的問題,即經(jīng)濟體制的根本變革問題,改制過程中不斷發(fā)生的職務(wù)犯罪案件,許多國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪案例見諸報端,涉案的企業(yè)規(guī)模越來越大,損失的國有資產(chǎn)的金額迅速增長,《人民法院報》2006年9月10日第3版有文章不禁感嘆,國企老總們究竟有幾個能安全著陸。國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪不僅造成大量國有資產(chǎn)流失,企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難,改制進程緩慢,也在一定范圍內(nèi)激化了社會矛盾,成為社會的一大隱患,此類犯罪的偵查與預(yù)防已經(jīng)毋庸置疑的成為全社會關(guān)注的問題。理論界與實踐部門已對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的偵查與預(yù)防對策有了多年的探討,但至今沒有找到遏制此類犯罪的有效途徑。本文希望通過對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的剖析,對其偵查方法的探尋以及對預(yù)防對策的完善,為解決這一困擾國有企業(yè)改制的問題找到一個切入口。 本文除了前言外,共分三個部分,約三萬五千字,主要內(nèi)容如下: 一、國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的界定以及偵查和預(yù)防問題的提出。該部分主要是對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的概念和法律認(rèn)定以及涉及的罪名進行了論述。國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪是指,在對國企進行以股份制改造為主要內(nèi)容的公司化、市場化、獨立化改造的過程中純國有經(jīng)濟成分的企業(yè)中從事監(jiān)督管理國有資產(chǎn)事務(wù)的人員以及由國有單位委派到改制后企業(yè)的董事和監(jiān)事利用職務(wù)便利實施的以國有資產(chǎn)為主要犯罪對象,侵害國家對國有資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)和管理權(quán),依照刑法規(guī)定應(yīng)當(dāng)受到刑罰處罰的犯罪行為。本部分提出,國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪主體應(yīng)為企業(yè)財產(chǎn)全部由國家所有的企業(yè)中負(fù)有監(jiān)督、管理國有資產(chǎn)職責(zé)的人員以及國有單位委派到股份制企業(yè)的董事和監(jiān)事;對象應(yīng)為國企改制過程中資本擴張和資本收縮涉及的國有資產(chǎn)。同時,本部分還論述了國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪的其他基礎(chǔ)性問題。國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪所設(shè)罪名的類型主要是貪污受賄罪、挪用公款罪和私分國有資產(chǎn)罪。國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的影響因素除了企業(yè)自身的經(jīng)營和內(nèi)部管理比較混亂之外,還有企業(yè)改制的管理和指導(dǎo)以及改制程序存在一定的缺陷,國有資產(chǎn)的界定困難,長期缺乏有效的保護。國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的危害極大,造成大量國有資產(chǎn)流失,企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難,改制進程緩慢,也在一定范圍內(nèi)激化了社會矛盾,成為社會的一大隱患。通過對國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪相關(guān)問題的分析得出了對該種犯罪的偵查和預(yù)防對策仍需要進行深入探討的結(jié)論。 二、國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的特點和偵查方法。該部分一方面分析了國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的幾大特點,從犯罪主體、犯罪對象、犯罪手段、犯罪后果、犯罪時空五大方面進行了探討,國有企業(yè)的負(fù)責(zé)人作案的情況占絕大部分,但近年窩案串案日益增多,集體侵吞特征明顯;犯罪的時間范圍圍繞企業(yè)改制,前后有一定的跨度,并且跨國作案發(fā)生的頻率增長較快;犯罪以國有資產(chǎn)作為侵害的對象;犯罪手段多種多樣,隱蔽性極強;犯罪導(dǎo)致國有資產(chǎn)損失嚴(yán)重,犯罪人對侵吞的資產(chǎn)從占有消費向非法資本運營轉(zhuǎn)變。另一方面,提出了針對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的偵查方法,從線索的來源及篩選和經(jīng)營,初查終對公共信息平臺的充分利用,偵查過程中注意查實國有資產(chǎn)侵吞狀況與深挖擴大犯罪相結(jié)合到偵查終結(jié)時對贓款贓物的追繳,對證據(jù)體系的構(gòu)建。此外,偵查方法還涉及到偵查手段的國際化問題。 三、國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防的現(xiàn)狀以及完善的對策。各部門針對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪開展了一定程度的預(yù)防工作,但目前國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防主要還是依靠檢察機關(guān)的教育、刑罰打擊及一定的行政手段來進行的,建立了專門的職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防部門,但預(yù)防工作效率仍然較低;注重對國企領(lǐng)導(dǎo)進行法制教育,卻可能助其規(guī)避法律制裁;對國企改制中職務(wù)犯罪的刑罰打擊有輕刑化傾向;“高薪養(yǎng)廉”的預(yù)防措施收效甚微。因此,這些措施均不同程度的存在一定缺陷,難以達到預(yù)防效果。對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防對策的完善則需要從專門預(yù)防和系統(tǒng)預(yù)防兩方面入手。專門預(yù)防方面,應(yīng)確立檢察機關(guān)的預(yù)防主體和訴訟主體地位,調(diào)整預(yù)防資源的配置,改變預(yù)防教育的思路和方式,建立舉報人激勵機制,推進個案預(yù)防和同步預(yù)防。系統(tǒng)預(yù)防方面,,需要對洗錢犯罪予以打擊控制,加強對改制過程的監(jiān)管以及企業(yè)內(nèi)部監(jiān)督,注重新聞媒體對國有企業(yè)改制中職務(wù)犯罪的監(jiān)督。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the reform and opening up in the late 1970s and opening up in the late 1970s , the reform of the state - owned enterprise system has already reached the deepest level . The reform of state - owned enterprises has already reached the deepest level . The reform of state - owned enterprises has not only caused the loss of state - owned assets , but also has become a hidden danger for the society .
In addition to the preface , this paper consists of three parts , about 35,000 words , the main contents are as follows :
In this part , the main part of the reform of state - owned enterprise is to supervise and manage the state - owned assets and the directors and supervisors appointed by the state - owned unit to the joint - stock enterprise .
At the same time , this part also discusses the other basic problems related to capital expansion and capital contraction in the reform of state - owned enterprises . At the same time , this part also discusses the other basic problems of official crime in the reform of state - owned enterprises . The influence factors of the reform of state - owned enterprises are mainly embezzlement , embezzlement , misappropriation of public funds and private ownership of state - owned assets .
On the one hand , the characteristics of the official crime in the reform of the state - owned enterprise are analyzed . This part analyzes the characteristics of the official crime in the reform of the state - owned enterprise , discusses the five aspects of the crime subject , the crime object , the crime means , the criminal consequence and the time - space of the crime .
The time frame of the crime is changed around the enterprise , there is a certain span before and after the crime , and the frequency of the cross - border crime grows faster ;
The crime is the object of the violation of state - owned assets ;
The means of crime are varied and the concealment is extremely strong ;
On the other hand , the author puts forward the investigation method of duty crime in the reform of state - owned enterprise . On the other hand , it puts forward the investigation method for the duty crime in the reform of state - owned enterprise . On the other hand , it puts forward the investigation method for the duty crime in the reform of state - owned enterprise . On the other hand , it puts forward the investigation method for the official crime in the reform of state - owned enterprise .
3 . The current situation of the prevention of the duty crime in the reform of state - owned enterprises and the countermeasures . The departments have carried out some preventive work in the reform of state - owned enterprises . However , the prevention of job crime in the reform of state - owned enterprises mainly depends on the education of the procuratorial organs , the punishment attack and certain administrative measures , and the special duty crime prevention department is established , but the prevention work efficiency is still relatively low ;
Attention should be paid to the legal education of state - owned enterprises , but may help them to evade legal sanctions ;
The punishment of duty crime in the reform of state - owned enterprises has the tendency of light penalty ;
Therefore , it is necessary to control the crime of money - laundering , strengthen the supervision of the reform process and the internal supervision of the enterprise , and pay more attention to the supervision of the official crime in the reform of state - owned enterprises .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類號】:D918.2;D917.6
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 孟凡良;中央企業(yè)經(jīng)營者道德風(fēng)險研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2012年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 李秉蕊;國有資產(chǎn)流失與職務(wù)犯罪[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2008年
2 黃浩;論民政系統(tǒng)職務(wù)犯罪的偵查及預(yù)防[D];西南政法大學(xué);2010年
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