本文選題：火災(zāi)　切入點(diǎn)：物證　出處：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2004年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 隨著社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和法制化進(jìn)程的深入，以及我國(guó)司法制度改革的深化，火災(zāi)物證鑒定作為一種能夠?yàn)檎J(rèn)定起火的原因、確定火災(zāi)性質(zhì)和認(rèn)定火災(zāi)責(zé)任提供科學(xué)依據(jù)的方法和手段，在火災(zāi)調(diào)查中起到越來(lái)越重要的作用。為促進(jìn)我國(guó)火災(zāi)調(diào)查工作與時(shí)俱進(jìn)地發(fā)展，推動(dòng)火災(zāi)物證鑒定的改革，使火災(zāi)物證鑒定規(guī)范化、制度化。本文以辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義思想為指導(dǎo)，依據(jù)司法鑒定的基本理論，，綜合應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的、比較的和實(shí)證的研究方法，針對(duì)我國(guó)目前火災(zāi)物證鑒定工作中存在的問(wèn)題，借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外司法鑒定改革的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)構(gòu)建我國(guó)火災(zāi)物證鑒定制度化進(jìn)行了理性的分析和探討。 本文分六節(jié)內(nèi)容對(duì)火災(zāi)物證鑒定制度進(jìn)行了論述： 第一節(jié)，物證鑒定制度概述。該部分對(duì)火災(zāi)物證、火災(zāi)物證鑒定和火災(zāi)物證鑒定制度等基本概念進(jìn)行了界定和區(qū)分，并簡(jiǎn)要地回顧了我國(guó)火災(zāi)物證鑒定的發(fā)展歷史，總結(jié)了火災(zāi)物證鑒定工作中存在的問(wèn)題。 第二節(jié)，火災(zāi)物證鑒定制度的基本原則。該部分遵循火災(zāi)物證鑒定活動(dòng)所具有的特有規(guī)律，依據(jù)裁判公正、程序正義的基本法律精神，立足中國(guó)國(guó)情，確立了火災(zāi)物證鑒定制度的四個(gè)基本原則：科學(xué)性原則、合法性原則、獨(dú)立性原則、現(xiàn)實(shí)性原則。 第三節(jié)，火災(zāi)物證鑒定的主體。該部分論述了火災(zāi)物證鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)立的條件和體制、鑒定人的資格條件、權(quán)利義務(wù)和法律責(zé)任等方面。 第四節(jié)，火災(zāi)物證鑒定的客體�；馂�(zāi)物證鑒定客體是為了解決專門性問(wèn)題而提交鑒定的物品和痕跡，即火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘查中發(fā)現(xiàn)和收集的各種物證。由于火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的物質(zhì)種類繁多，燃燒形式各異，因此火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)遺留的物品和痕跡多種多樣，該部分介紹了14種火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)最常見(jiàn)的物品和痕跡表現(xiàn)形式。 第五節(jié)，火災(zāi)物證鑒定的程序。該部分對(duì)鑒定程序中火災(zāi)物證鑒定的決定、鑒定的委托、鑒定的受理、鑒定的實(shí)施、鑒定結(jié)論的出具、補(bǔ)充鑒定、重新鑒定、復(fù)核鑒定、鑒定人作證等各階段中可能存在的問(wèn)題及需要注意的事項(xiàng)進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。 第六節(jié)，鑒定結(jié)論的法律效力。該部分包括火災(zāi)物證鑒定結(jié)論法律地位的確立、火災(zāi)物證鑒定結(jié)論的審查和火災(zāi)物證鑒定結(jié)論的運(yùn)用三方面的內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:With the development of the socialist market economy and the deepening of the legalization process, as well as the deepening of the reform of the judicial system in China, the identification of fire evidence, as a kind of cause that can be identified as the cause of the fire, The methods and means of determining the nature of fire and providing scientific basis for determining fire responsibility play a more and more important role in fire investigation. In order to promote the development of fire investigation in China with the times, and to promote the reform of fire evidence identification, This paper, guided by dialectical materialism and historical materialism, synthetically applies systematic, comparative and empirical research methods according to the basic theory of forensic identification. In view of the problems existing in the work of fire evidence identification in our country at present, and drawing on the successful experience of domestic and foreign judicial appraisal reform, this paper makes a rational analysis and discussion on the construction of the systematization of fire evidence identification in our country. This paper discusses the system of fire evidence identification in six sections. The first section is an overview of the appraisal system of physical evidence. This part defines and distinguishes the basic concepts of fire evidence, fire evidence identification and fire evidence identification system, and briefly reviews the development history of fire evidence identification in China. The problems in fire evidence identification are summarized. Section II, the basic principles of the fire evidence appraisal system. This part follows the unique law of the fire evidence identification activities, according to the basic legal spirit of fair judgment and procedural justice, and is based on the national conditions of China. Four basic principles of fire evidence appraisal system are established: scientific principle, legality principle, independence principle and reality principle. The third section, the subject of fire evidence identification, discusses the conditions and system of fire identification institution, qualification conditions, rights and obligations, legal liability and so on. Section 4th, the object of fire evidence identification. The object of fire evidence identification is the object and trace submitted for identification in order to solve the problem of specialty, that is, all kinds of physical evidence found and collected in the fire scene survey. Because of the wide variety of materials in the fire scene, Because of the variety of burning forms, there are a variety of items and traces left over from the fire site. This part introduces 14 kinds of most common items and trace forms in the fire scene. Section 5th, procedures for the identification of fire evidence. This part decides on the identification of fire evidence in the identification procedure, entrusts, accepts, implements, issues, supplements, reappraises, and reexamines the appraisal conclusion. The possible problems and matters needing attention in various stages such as expert testimony are explained. Section 6th, the legal effect of the appraisal conclusion. This part includes the establishment of the legal status of the fire evidence identification conclusion, the examination of the fire material evidence appraisal conclusion and the application of the fire material evidence appraisal conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號(hào)】：D918.9

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張華;;論火災(zāi)物證鑒定啟動(dòng)程序之重構(gòu)[J];湖北警官學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2011年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 鄭斌;化工儲(chǔ)罐火災(zāi)起火點(diǎn)推斷物證技術(shù)研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王華;試論火災(zāi)調(diào)查制度的完善[D];中國(guó)政法大學(xué);2007年

本文編號(hào)：1561235