發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-28 19:25

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 墨水 老化 高效液相色譜 氣相色譜 書寫時(shí)間 文件檢驗(yàn)　出處：《首都師范大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在如今的社會(huì)刑事案件中常常會(huì)涉及到很多可疑文件，需要對(duì)其使用的墨水的書寫時(shí)間進(jìn)行鑒定從而判斷文件的真?zhèn)�。自�?950以來，世界各國的法庭科學(xué)工作者經(jīng)過不懈的探索，陸續(xù)的建立了一些方法用于實(shí)際辦案，其中有些鑒定結(jié)論已被一些國家的司法部門所接受。但是，由于油墨組成成分的復(fù)雜性和測(cè)定的干擾性，可疑文件與墨水書寫時(shí)間的鑒定仍然是當(dāng)前法庭科學(xué)的難題之一，因而可疑文件與書寫時(shí)間的鑒定有重要的意義。本論文分五部分進(jìn)行研究。 第一章介紹了油墨的主要成分，綜述了近年來國內(nèi)外關(guān)于墨水書寫時(shí)間鑒定的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用，主要是關(guān)于墨水老化部分的綜述，包括相對(duì)老化和加速老化。 第二章利用氣相色譜法測(cè)定藍(lán)色圓珠筆油墨中展色劑苯甲醇和苯氧基乙醇這兩種組分的含量(以峰面積計(jì))，以展色劑的峰面積、內(nèi)標(biāo)物的峰面積與紫外可見光譜測(cè)得的參比物墨水中的染料的吸光度值這三者之比為縱坐標(biāo)，以字跡形成時(shí)間為橫坐標(biāo)，確定了字跡形成曲線，從而建立了確定字跡形成時(shí)間的方法。選擇了不同種類的圓珠筆油墨進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，獲得了良好的實(shí)驗(yàn)效果，，為圓珠筆油墨字跡形成時(shí)間的推斷建立了一種可靠而又系統(tǒng)的方法。據(jù)此方法可以鑒別書寫時(shí)間在半年以內(nèi)的墨水字跡。系統(tǒng)研究了選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)標(biāo)物。 第三章研究了紫外分光光度法確定蘭黑鋼筆墨水書寫時(shí)間，選取了適當(dāng)?shù)奶崛┖徒j(luò)合劑，選擇鐵作為內(nèi)參比物，用染料的吸光度與墨水中鐵的比值與老化時(shí)間繪制了老化曲線，據(jù)此可以鑒別書寫6個(gè)月左右的鋼筆墨水字跡。 第四章研究了雙溶劑萃取法鑒別圓珠筆油墨書寫時(shí)間，實(shí)驗(yàn)選取了強(qiáng)溶劑和弱溶劑，并且分別用薄層色譜法、紫外分光光度法和電化學(xué)法對(duì)相同的樣品進(jìn)行了測(cè)定，得出了相同的結(jié)論，據(jù)此得出此方法有很好的穩(wěn)定性。 第五章通過高效液相色譜法，研究了染料成分的變化，從而確定字跡形成相對(duì)時(shí)間，將純?nèi)玖献舟E和圓珠筆油墨字跡放在強(qiáng)光照射、紅外、紫外、加熱和室內(nèi)自然光等條件下，然后再從紙上提取用HPLC分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)光的照射下染料和墨水的成分變化很大，根據(jù)老化后染料成分及含量的變化可以鑒別圓珠筆油墨的書寫時(shí)間。
[Abstract]:In today's social criminal cases, many suspicious documents are often involved, and it is necessary to identify the writing time of the ink used to determine the authenticity of the documents. After unremitting exploration, court scientists from all over the world have successively established some methods for the practical handling of cases, some of which have been accepted by the judicial authorities of some countries. However, Due to the complexity of the composition of the ink and the interference of the determination, the identification of the writing time of the suspected documents and ink is still one of the difficult problems of the current forensic science. Therefore, the identification of suspicious documents and writing time is of great significance. This paper is divided into five parts. The first chapter introduces the main components of ink, and summarizes the development and application of ink writing time identification at home and abroad in recent years, mainly about the aging part of ink, including relative aging and accelerated aging. The second chapter uses gas chromatography to determine the content of benzyl alcohol and phenoxy ethanol in blue ballpoint pen ink. The ratio of the peak area of the internal standard and the absorbance value of the dye in the reference ink measured by UV-Vis spectrum is the vertical coordinate, and the writing forming curve is determined with the writing forming time as the horizontal coordinate. Thus, the method of determining the time of writing formation was established. Different kinds of ballpoint pen ink were selected for detection, and good experimental results were obtained. A reliable and systematic method for estimating the time of ink writing in ballpoint pen is established, according to which the ink handwriting with writing time less than half a year can be identified. The selection of appropriate internal standard materials is studied systematically. The third chapter studies the determination of the writing time of blue and black pen ink by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The proper extractant and complexing agent are selected, and iron is chosen as the internal reference material. According to the ratio of dye absorbance to iron in ink and aging time, the ageing curve can be drawn, according to which the ink handwriting of about 6 months can be identified. In chapter 4th, double solvent extraction method was used to identify the writing time of ballpoint pen ink. Strong solvent and weak solvent were selected, and the same samples were determined by thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and electrochemical method, respectively. The same conclusion is obtained, and it is concluded that the method has good stability. In Chapter 5th, the changes of dye composition were studied by HPLC, and the relative time of writing formation was determined. The pure dye handwriting and ballpoint pen ink handwriting were placed under the conditions of strong light irradiation, infrared, ultraviolet, heating and indoor natural light. Then the paper was extracted by HPLC analysis. It was found that the composition of dye and ink changed greatly under the irradiation of light. According to the change of composition and content of dye after aging, the writing time of ink of ballpoint pen could be identified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D918.92

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 章晴;水性印油印跡的主要成分分析與穩(wěn)定性研究[D];北京化工大學(xué);2011年

本文編號(hào)：1548626