本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社區(qū)矯正 警察 角色 定位　出處：《中國政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 21世紀(jì)初期,中國社區(qū)矯正試點(diǎn)工作在北京、上海率先開展。由于社區(qū)制度屬于“舶來品”,在我國還是一種全新的對待罪犯的社會反應(yīng)方式,與長期以來所遵循的“嚴(yán)厲打擊”、“專門工作”、“從重從快”等刑事政策十分不同�？v觀世界多數(shù)國家,為實(shí)現(xiàn)矯正對象在社區(qū)中更新改造的目的,警察在社區(qū)矯正中均不承擔(dān)執(zhí)行主體任務(wù),而由專門的矯正機(jī)關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)具體執(zhí)行事宜。但在社會主義初級階段的中國,受歷史因素和現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況制約,警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中一直承擔(dān)著重要的監(jiān)管職能,并且在當(dāng)前《刑法》、《刑事訴訟法》等法律規(guī)范中均有明確規(guī)定。按照我國刑法規(guī)定,對適用社區(qū)矯正的管制、緩刑、監(jiān)外執(zhí)行、假釋、剝奪政治權(quán)利等五種人的監(jiān)管考察歸屬公安機(jī)關(guān)。 因此,在我國現(xiàn)行刑事法律規(guī)定的前提下,公安機(jī)關(guān)仍然是法定的非監(jiān)禁刑和非監(jiān)禁措施行刑與監(jiān)督考察的執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)。一方面,在當(dāng)前社會主義初級階段,警察在發(fā)揮社區(qū)矯正作用方面具備職業(yè)優(yōu)勢。由于公安機(jī)關(guān)是國家刑罰體系中享有求刑權(quán)或追訴權(quán)的機(jī)關(guān),國家賦予其的強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行力可以加大對矯正對象的震懾力,通過日常加大監(jiān)督管理力度,通過綜合治理措施有效整合社區(qū)資源,更好的實(shí)現(xiàn)在社區(qū)中打擊犯罪,矯正罪犯,保護(hù)人民的工作目標(biāo)。另一方面,由于我國當(dāng)前沒有一部統(tǒng)一的社區(qū)矯正法律規(guī)范,相關(guān)銜接制度還不完善。特別是面臨社會發(fā)展的新形勢、新要求,公安民警警力不足,職責(zé)日益增加,任務(wù)日益繁重,素質(zhì)有待于進(jìn)一步提高。同時(shí),由于對非監(jiān)禁刑和非監(jiān)禁措施的執(zhí)行不僅僅是簡單的監(jiān)督考察,還必須承擔(dān)更為繁重與復(fù)雜的矯正任務(wù),而對于這些矯正工作與任務(wù),公安機(jī)關(guān)目前既沒有這個(gè)精力、也沒有能力來完成。1這些都成為制約社區(qū)矯正工作深入開展的重要因素。 由于警察在我國社區(qū)矯正工作中的職能作用,理論界和實(shí)務(wù)界均探討較少,因此,筆者結(jié)合多年來公安工作實(shí)踐,以及北京市社區(qū)矯正試點(diǎn)工作開展情況,通過客觀表述當(dāng)前警察在社區(qū)矯正工作的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,緊緊抓住工作中尚存在的突出問題和薄弱環(huán)節(jié),力求找準(zhǔn)切入點(diǎn)和著力點(diǎn),積極探索有益的對策,希冀以此帶動維護(hù)和促進(jìn)社會穩(wěn)定和諧的各項(xiàng)工作。 本文由引言、結(jié)語及五部分組成。 第一部分,社區(qū)矯正與警察概論。通過對國內(nèi)外社區(qū)矯正及警察的概念進(jìn)行分析,以社區(qū)矯正的理論基礎(chǔ)為依據(jù),進(jìn)一步明確我國警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中的重要職能作用,認(rèn)清二者之間的關(guān)系,同時(shí)通過透視借鑒國外及港澳臺警察在社區(qū)矯正中的作用,為準(zhǔn)確定位我國警察在社區(qū)矯正中的工作角色提供理論依據(jù)。 第二部分,我國社區(qū)矯正試點(diǎn)工作現(xiàn)狀。本部分通過進(jìn)一步明確我國社區(qū)矯正的適用范圍以及具體工作任務(wù),對當(dāng)前我國社區(qū)矯正工作組織機(jī)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀,以及試點(diǎn)工作相關(guān)情況進(jìn)行了客觀表述,進(jìn)一步明確現(xiàn)階段我國推進(jìn)社區(qū)矯正制度的重要意義。 第三部分,警察在我國社區(qū)矯正工作現(xiàn)狀。筆者以北京市社區(qū)矯正試點(diǎn)工作為依據(jù),全面闡述了警察在目前實(shí)際矯正工作中的開展情況,并就實(shí)踐工作中存在的問題,從思想、人員、立法、機(jī)構(gòu)等方面存在的限制進(jìn)行了深入分析,為下步準(zhǔn)確把握警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中的角色定位奠定了實(shí)踐依據(jù)。 第四部分,警察在我國社區(qū)矯正工作的角色定位。通過對比國外法律規(guī)范中社區(qū)矯正執(zhí)行主體情況,結(jié)合當(dāng)前我國法律規(guī)范中警察承擔(dān)的社區(qū)矯正任務(wù),從警察承擔(dān)職責(zé)的歷史轉(zhuǎn)變出發(fā),深入分析警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中的利與弊,在理論依據(jù)和實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)上提出警察在我國社區(qū)矯正工作中的具體定位,以及承擔(dān)的本位職權(quán)及延伸職權(quán)。 第五部分,警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中發(fā)揮職能作用對策前瞻。筆者從警察人員素質(zhì)、法律規(guī)范制定、以及對社區(qū)矯正對象如何分類矯治、分階段矯正等具體措施入手,就警察在社區(qū)矯正工作中如何更好的發(fā)揮職能作用,揚(yáng)長避短,確保社區(qū)矯正工作不流于形式,取得實(shí)際矯正效果提出了探索性的對策。
[Abstract]:In the early 21st century , China ' s community correction trial work in Beijing and Shanghai took the lead . As the community system belongs to " exotic products " , in China , it is a brand - new social reaction way to treat criminals . In the primary stage of socialism , the police have assumed important supervision functions in community correction . However , in the primary stage of socialism , the police have assumed important supervision functions in community correction . In accordance with the provisions of the criminal law of our country , the supervision and inspection of five persons , such as the regulation of community correction , probation , supervision and execution , parole and deprivation of political rights , belong to the public security organs . On the other hand , because the public security organ is the organ that enjoys the right to seek punishment or the right of recourse in the primary stage of the present socialism , the enforcement force of the State gives it a professional advantage in the exertion of community correction . Because of the function of police in community correction work in our country , the theory and practice circles are seldom discussed . Therefore , the author combines the practice of public security work for many years and the situation of community correction test in Beijing . Through the objective expression of the current situation of the police in community correction , the author tries to grasp the outstanding problems and weak links remaining in the work , and actively explore the useful countermeasures , so as to promote the maintenance and promotion of social stability and harmony . This paper consists of preface , conclusion and five parts . The first part , community correction and police overview . By analyzing the concept of community correction and police at home and abroad , based on the theory foundation of community correction , it is further clarified that our police plays an important role in community correction work , and realizes the relationship between them . At the same time , it can provide theoretical basis for accurately locating the role of police in community correction by taking advantage of the role of foreign and Hong Kong and Macao police in community correction . In the second part , the present situation of community correction in our country is presented in this part . This part makes an objective statement about the current situation of community correction work organization in our country , as well as the relevant situation of trial - point work by further defining the scope of application and specific task of community correction in our country , and further clarifies the significance of our country ' s promotion of community correction system at present . In the third part , according to the current situation of community correction in China , the author makes a comprehensive exposition of the police ' s current situation in practice , and analyzes the existing problems in practice , and lays a practical basis for accurately grasping the role of the police in community correction . The fourth part , the role of the police in the community correction work in our country . Through comparing the situation of community correction in the foreign legal norm , combining with the community correction tasks assumed by the police in our country ' s legal norms , the paper deeply analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the police in the community correction work , and puts forward the concrete positioning of the police in the community correction work in our country based on the theoretical basis and practice , as well as the functions and functions of the police . In the fifth part , the police plays a role in community correction . The author starts with the police personnel ' s quality , the legal norm and the concrete measures such as how to classify and correct the community correction object and correct the stage , so as to improve the function of the police in the community correction work , and make sure that the community correction work is not in the form , and the practical corrective effect is obtained .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D926.8;D925.2

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