本文關鍵詞：城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全的多中心治理研究　出處：《寧波大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 城鄉(xiāng)結合部 社區(qū) 消防安全 多中心治理

【摘要】：隨著我國城市化的高速推進，，城市邊緣地帶的土地被大量征用，這催生了許多的介于城市社區(qū)和農(nóng)村社區(qū)之間的第三種社區(qū)類型——城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)。它具有復合性、活躍性、相對獨立性和動態(tài)性等顯著特點。這類社區(qū)在促進社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的同時，消防安全問題卻非常突出，火災形勢呈高發(fā)態(tài)勢，甚至已經(jīng)超過農(nóng)村地區(qū)。據(jù)估算，全國約有20%~30%的火災發(fā)生在城鄉(xiāng)結合部區(qū)域；超過七成的重、特大火災事故均發(fā)生在城鄉(xiāng)結合部。盡管國內(nèi)眾多消防工作者和相關學者對這一問題做了大量的研究和分析，也提出了一系列整改措施。但這些措施大多從政府部門作為消防安全管理主體的角度出發(fā)，無法激發(fā)民眾作為消防安全直接受益者進行自我管理的積極性和動力，始終達不到良好的效果。 本文通過深入剖析，詳細闡述了城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)在消防安全管理中存在的主要問題及其原因：建筑主體合法性缺失，建筑防火先天不足；城市公共配套設施基礎落后，城市規(guī)劃滯后于城市化發(fā)展；居民消防安全意識薄弱，缺少必要疏散逃生知識；出租房、“三合一”和小場所等普遍存在等消防安全隱患。 同時，本文通過比較國內(nèi)外消防安全管理模式，發(fā)現(xiàn)我國城鄉(xiāng)結合部消防安全管理模式及水平與境外消防安全管理模式相比還存在一定的差距，特別是在社區(qū)管理機構職能定位、消防設施配備、社區(qū)消防安全宣傳教育、社區(qū)管理人員的專業(yè)技能、應急預案設置等方面有著明顯差距。 上述問題和差距的存在使得研究和探索城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全的新管理模式成為一項非常急切的任務。多中心治理作為一種全新的公共管理理論，能夠改善公有資源的使用問題，它倡導權力分散、管轄多樣化并且存在政府之外的民主自治的治理模式，這種模式充滿競爭和合作，在國內(nèi)外被廣泛應用于公共事務的治理。針對城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全管理面臨“政府失效”和“市場失靈”的困境，本文在研究國內(nèi)外多中心治理理論的基礎上，將多中心治理理論運用于我國城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)的消防安全管理，構建了城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全的多中心治理模式——消防安全工作站，研究了這種模式下參與消防安全管理的主體、各主體角色地位及其職責分工、監(jiān)督體系等，為有效解決城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全問題開辟了一條新思路。本研究結合杭州市濱江區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)之一的T社區(qū)的案例，取得了明顯的成效，論證了多中心治理理論運用于城鄉(xiāng)結合部社區(qū)消防安全管理的可能性。
[Abstract]:With the fast development of our city, the city fringe land has been expropriated, which spawned many between city and rural communities of the third types of community - Community in urban and rural areas. It has a complex, active, independent and dynamic characteristics. This kind of community in promoting the the social and economic development at the same time, the fire safety problem is very prominent, the fire situation is high, even more than in rural areas. It is estimated that about 20%~30% of the National Fire Department of regional integration in urban and rural areas; more than 70% of the heavy fire accidents occurred in the urban fringe. Although many domestic fire workers and scholars done a lot of research and Analysis on this problem, also put forward a series of corrective measures. But most of these measures from the government departments as the fire safety management main body angle It is impossible to stimulate the public's initiative and motivation for self management as direct beneficiaries of fire safety, and never achieve good results.
Through in-depth analysis, elaborated on the main problems existing in fire safety management department and the combination of urban and rural community construction of the main reasons: lack of legality, building fire city public facilities congenitally deficient; base behind the city planning lags behind the development of city residents; fire safety awareness is weak, lack the necessary knowledge of evacuation; rental housing. "Three in one" and the small places of widespread fire safety hazards.
At the same time, through the comparison of domestic and foreign fire safety management, found that China's urban and rural integration there is still a gap of the fire safety management mode and the level of fire safety management mode of overseas, especially in the community management functions, fire facilities, community fire safety publicity education, community management personnel with professional skills, the obvious gap between emergency settings.
The existence of these problems and gap makes the research and exploration of new management mode of urban community fire safety has become a very urgent task. The multi center governance as a new public management theory, the use of public resources to improve the problem, it advocates power scattered, diversified and democratic self-government jurisdiction exists outside the governance model, this model is full of competition and cooperation, governance at home and abroad are widely used in public affairs. In the face of "government failure" and "market failure" the plight of community fire safety management of urban and rural integration, based on the study of domestic and international multi center governance theory, the multi center governance theory in China the combination of urban and rural fire safety management department of the community, constructing the urban fringe community fire safety of the multi center governance model: fire safety research workstation. The mode of participation of fire safety management, the main role and the division of responsibilities, supervision system, in order to effectively solve opens up a new way of urban-rural fringe community fire safety problems. Based on the combination of community of T community in Hangzhou as a case of Binjiang District urban and rural areas, and achieved remarkable results, demonstration the multi center governance theory in the urban community of the possibility of fire safety management.

【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D631.6

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 榮佑彬;云南邊境地區(qū)農(nóng)村消防組織管理問題研究[D];云南大學;2013年

本文編號：1378042