Sources and Composition of Organic Carbon in Tropical River
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024-02-02 14:34
河流輸送的有機(jī)碳是全球碳循環(huán)的重要組成部分。它通過陸地和海洋儲(chǔ)庫(kù)中的再礦化和保存過程,對(duì)大氣中CO2的平衡和控制格局起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。陸源有機(jī)物在陸海交互作用區(qū)(河口和海岸)的輸運(yùn)過程對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾腿虻沫h(huán)境擾動(dòng)極為敏感。因此對(duì)這些區(qū)域中的陸源有機(jī)物特征的理解,往往有助于認(rèn)識(shí)其控制源地的過程及預(yù)測(cè)其在海洋碳循環(huán)的潛在作用。全球氣候變化引起的自然氣候條件的變化(如超大洪水／臺(tái)風(fēng)或極端干旱)和全球人口增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致的人為改變(如大壩建設(shè),森林砍伐和密集農(nóng)業(yè))是影響陸地和水生環(huán)境中重要環(huán)境元素(如碳和氮)的生物地球化學(xué)循環(huán)的兩個(gè)重要因素。熱帶地區(qū)是全球科學(xué)界的研究熱點(diǎn),因?yàn)檫@些地區(qū)的水生系統(tǒng)地理跨度大,在過去幾十年中全球環(huán)境變化(降水變化和土地利用變化)對(duì)其影響巨大。研究這些地區(qū)的碳通量組成,將使我們更好地理解自然和人為過程對(duì)熱帶地區(qū)陸源有機(jī)物遷移和循環(huán)的影響。盡管在過去的二十年來,印度和中國(guó)這兩個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家普通經(jīng)歷了大規(guī)模的自然氣候變化(如季風(fēng)降水的減少和頻發(fā)的極端臺(tái)風(fēng)事件)和人類活動(dòng)改造(如土地利用格局的改變,流域上大壩的建設(shè)和人口的增長(zhǎng)),然而印度和中國(guó)陸架邊緣的熱帶地區(qū)卻很少被研究。只有有限...
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：239 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations of analytical terms
Chapter Ⅰ:Introduction
1.1 Scientific background
1.2 Carbon cycling under changing global conditions
1.2.1 Factors influencing the composition of terrestrial OM
1.3 The conundrum of OC characteristics in tropical river systems
1.3.1 Information gap
1.4 River systems of peninsular India and Hainan Island
1.4.1 Tropical (peninsular) India
1.4.2 Tropical Hainan Island, China
1.4.3 Previous studies on rivers of tropical India and China
1.5 Approach, hypothesis and objectives
Chapter Ⅱ:Materials and methods
2.1 Description of the study area
2.1.1 West coast of India (WCI)
2.1.1.1 Geology of WCI river basins
2.1.1.2 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.1.3 Land use pattern along WCI
2.1.2 Zuari river system
2.1.2.1 Geology of ZRS
2.1.2.2 Land use pattern over ZRS
2.1.3 Godavari river system
2.1.3.1 Geology of Godavari river basin
2.1.3.2 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.3.3 Land use pattern over Godavari basin
2.1.4 Nandujiang/Nandu River (Hainan, China)
2.1.4.1 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.4.2 Land use pattern over NDR
2.2 Sample collection and pre-treatment
2.2.1 Plants and soil samples
2.2.2 Water samples and bottom sediments
2.2.3 Sample pre-treatments and in situ measurements
2.3 Analytical methods
2.3.1 Grain size analysis
2.3.2 Bulk chemical analysis (elementary contents, isotopes)
2.3.3 Instrument calibration
(ⅰ) CHNOS analyzer
(ⅱ) Finnigan EA 1112-Delta plus XP IRMS
2.3.4 Lignin phenols analysis
2.3.5 Instrument calibration
2.4 Data processing and statistics
2.4.1 Multivariate statistical analysis
2.4.2 Principal component analysis (PCA)
2.4.3 Cluster Analysis
Chapter Ⅲ:Organic matter characterization in relation to the land use change across the estuaries of west coast of India between 12°N and 24°N-Implication through elemental, isotopic and biomarker constrains of sediments
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research methods
3.2.1 Characteristics of river systems across WCI
3.2.2 Sampling and analysis
3.2.3 Data treatment
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Elemental and isotopic properties
3.3.2 Lignin phenol yield and compositional ratios
3.3.3 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
3.3.4 Quantification of sedimentary OMsources in WCI estuaries
3.3.5 Land use change and sedimentary OC
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Composition and origin of OM in WCI estuaries
3.4.2 Land use change and terrigenous OM composition
3.4.3 Impact on coastal and marine system of Arabian Sea
3.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅳ:Characteristics of plants and soil organic matter along the Western Ghats, India
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sampling and chemical analysis
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Bulk properties
4.3.2 Lignin phenols and ratios
4.3.3 Fates and implications
4.4 Summary
Chapter V :Factors controlling the spatial and seasonal distribution of organic matter alongthe dispersal pathway ofZuari river system— implication through multivariatestatistics
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sampling and analysis
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Physicochemical properties
5.3.2 Bulk concentrations, elemental and isotopic ratios
5.3.3 Lignin phenols composition
5.3.4 Multivariate statistical results
5.3.5 Quantification of OMproportion
5.4 Discussion
5.4.1 Biogeochemistry of OM in ZRS
5.4.2 Potential contribution of OM sources in ZRS
5.4.3 Factors influencing the OM biogeochemistry in ZRS
5.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅳ:Spatial variability of organic matter composition in largest peninsular river system, Godavari (India)-Influence of damming and precipitation variability
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sampling and data collection
6.3 Results
6.3.1 Variability of SWM and Sediment load in Godavari River
6.3.2 Bulk properties (OC, TN, C/N,δ13C and grain size)
6.3.3 Lignin phenols and indices
6.3.4 Statistical results
6.4 Discussion
6.4.1 OM composition and source in the Godavari river basin
6.4.2 OM sources in Godavari River
6.4.3 OC flux from the Godavari River
6.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅶ:Temporal variability of organic matter composition in Nandujiang (Nandu River)-Influence of extreme precipitation event
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sampling and analysis
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Climatic and hydrologic conditions in Nandu River
7.3.2 Hydrographic characteristics
7.3.3 Bulk concentrations, elemental and isotopic ratios
7.3.4 Lignin phenols composition
7.3.5 Principal component analyses (PCA)
7.4 Discussion
7.4.1 Biogeochemistry of POM transported by NDR
7.4.2 Nature and provenance of POM in NDR
7.4.3 Factors affecting OM composition in NDR
7.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅷ:Conclusions and Directions for Future Research
8.1 General Conclusions
8.2 Chapter wise conclusions
8.3 Global significance and synthesis
8.4 Conceptual Model
8.5 Uncertainty and limitations
8.6 Future directions
References
Appendix
攻讀博士學(xué)細(xì)間發(fā)表的論文
參加學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議
Acknowledgements
本文編號(hào)：3892821
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：239 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations of analytical terms
Chapter Ⅰ:Introduction
1.1 Scientific background
1.2 Carbon cycling under changing global conditions
1.2.1 Factors influencing the composition of terrestrial OM
1.3 The conundrum of OC characteristics in tropical river systems
1.3.1 Information gap
1.4 River systems of peninsular India and Hainan Island
1.4.1 Tropical (peninsular) India
1.4.2 Tropical Hainan Island, China
1.4.3 Previous studies on rivers of tropical India and China
1.5 Approach, hypothesis and objectives
Chapter Ⅱ:Materials and methods
2.1 Description of the study area
2.1.1 West coast of India (WCI)
2.1.1.1 Geology of WCI river basins
2.1.1.2 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.1.3 Land use pattern along WCI
2.1.2 Zuari river system
2.1.2.1 Geology of ZRS
2.1.2.2 Land use pattern over ZRS
2.1.3 Godavari river system
2.1.3.1 Geology of Godavari river basin
2.1.3.2 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.3.3 Land use pattern over Godavari basin
2.1.4 Nandujiang/Nandu River (Hainan, China)
2.1.4.1 Geomorphology, precipitation and fluvial load
2.1.4.2 Land use pattern over NDR
2.2 Sample collection and pre-treatment
2.2.1 Plants and soil samples
2.2.2 Water samples and bottom sediments
2.2.3 Sample pre-treatments and in situ measurements
2.3 Analytical methods
2.3.1 Grain size analysis
2.3.2 Bulk chemical analysis (elementary contents, isotopes)
2.3.3 Instrument calibration
(ⅰ) CHNOS analyzer
(ⅱ) Finnigan EA 1112-Delta plus XP IRMS
2.3.4 Lignin phenols analysis
2.3.5 Instrument calibration
2.4 Data processing and statistics
2.4.1 Multivariate statistical analysis
2.4.2 Principal component analysis (PCA)
2.4.3 Cluster Analysis
Chapter Ⅲ:Organic matter characterization in relation to the land use change across the estuaries of west coast of India between 12°N and 24°N-Implication through elemental, isotopic and biomarker constrains of sediments
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research methods
3.2.1 Characteristics of river systems across WCI
3.2.2 Sampling and analysis
3.2.3 Data treatment
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Elemental and isotopic properties
3.3.2 Lignin phenol yield and compositional ratios
3.3.3 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
3.3.4 Quantification of sedimentary OMsources in WCI estuaries
3.3.5 Land use change and sedimentary OC
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Composition and origin of OM in WCI estuaries
3.4.2 Land use change and terrigenous OM composition
3.4.3 Impact on coastal and marine system of Arabian Sea
3.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅳ:Characteristics of plants and soil organic matter along the Western Ghats, India
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sampling and chemical analysis
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Bulk properties
4.3.2 Lignin phenols and ratios
4.3.3 Fates and implications
4.4 Summary
Chapter V :Factors controlling the spatial and seasonal distribution of organic matter alongthe dispersal pathway ofZuari river system— implication through multivariatestatistics
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sampling and analysis
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Physicochemical properties
5.3.2 Bulk concentrations, elemental and isotopic ratios
5.3.3 Lignin phenols composition
5.3.4 Multivariate statistical results
5.3.5 Quantification of OMproportion
5.4 Discussion
5.4.1 Biogeochemistry of OM in ZRS
5.4.2 Potential contribution of OM sources in ZRS
5.4.3 Factors influencing the OM biogeochemistry in ZRS
5.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅳ:Spatial variability of organic matter composition in largest peninsular river system, Godavari (India)-Influence of damming and precipitation variability
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sampling and data collection
6.3 Results
6.3.1 Variability of SWM and Sediment load in Godavari River
6.3.2 Bulk properties (OC, TN, C/N,δ13C and grain size)
6.3.3 Lignin phenols and indices
6.3.4 Statistical results
6.4 Discussion
6.4.1 OM composition and source in the Godavari river basin
6.4.2 OM sources in Godavari River
6.4.3 OC flux from the Godavari River
6.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅶ:Temporal variability of organic matter composition in Nandujiang (Nandu River)-Influence of extreme precipitation event
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sampling and analysis
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Climatic and hydrologic conditions in Nandu River
7.3.2 Hydrographic characteristics
7.3.3 Bulk concentrations, elemental and isotopic ratios
7.3.4 Lignin phenols composition
7.3.5 Principal component analyses (PCA)
7.4 Discussion
7.4.1 Biogeochemistry of POM transported by NDR
7.4.2 Nature and provenance of POM in NDR
7.4.3 Factors affecting OM composition in NDR
7.5 Summary
Chapter Ⅷ:Conclusions and Directions for Future Research
8.1 General Conclusions
8.2 Chapter wise conclusions
8.3 Global significance and synthesis
8.4 Conceptual Model
8.5 Uncertainty and limitations
8.6 Future directions
References
Appendix
攻讀博士學(xué)細(xì)間發(fā)表的論文
參加學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議
Acknowledgements
本文編號(hào)：3892821
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/projectlw/dqwllw/3892821.html
最近更新
教材專著
