普通核桃（Juglans regia L.）隸屬胡桃科胡桃屬,是一種重要的經(jīng)濟型闊葉樹種。該物種主要分布在北半球的亞熱帶和溫帶地區(qū),可生產(chǎn)食用價值高的堅果和優(yōu)質(zhì)木材。除了自然地貌和氣候?qū)颂胰后w遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)的影響外,人為因素影響更大。普遍認(rèn)為,核桃經(jīng)歷了末次盛冰期后,生長于亞洲整個的密閉林之中。古時候人們通過貿(mào)易活動將核桃?guī)У搅耸澜绺鞯�。�?012年以來,世界核桃總產(chǎn)量超過了300萬噸,主要產(chǎn)自于中國、美國和伊朗。盡管核桃非常古老,但關(guān)于核桃的育種歷史在20世紀(jì)才開始發(fā)展。在最近30年來,從分子標(biāo)記如簡單重復(fù)序列（SSRs）到基因組分析,人們已經(jīng)使用了多種方法對核桃進(jìn)行了多項群體遺傳學(xué)方面的研究,這其中包括了多樣性、系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系、起源進(jìn)化和遺傳圖譜構(gòu)建等分析。NAC是植物特有的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子,參與植物多種發(fā)育過程,例如開花、植物生長調(diào)節(jié)與發(fā)育。但是尚未有關(guān)于NAC轉(zhuǎn)錄因子基因家族在核桃物種中的研究報道。本研究中,建立在核桃全基因組發(fā)布的基礎(chǔ)上,我們對核桃NAC轉(zhuǎn)錄因子基因家族進(jìn)行了鑒定分析研究。另外,基于14對多態(tài)性高的微衛(wèi)星遺傳標(biāo)記,我們對歐亞大陸范圍分布的150個同群體2929核桃個體進(jìn)行了... 

【文章頁數(shù)】：113 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 General Introduction
    1.1 General introduction of common walnut (Juglans regia)
    1.2 Geography distribution of Juglans regia
    1.3 Origin and history of walnut
    1.4 Transcription factors in plants
        1.4.1 Structure of NAC transcription factor
        1.4.2 The function of NAC transcription factors in common walnut
        1.4.3 Whole-genome duplication
        1.4.4 Gene Ontology (GO)
    1.5 Genetic diversity in Juglans regia
        1.5.1 Landscape genetics and gene flow
        1.5.2 Refugia
        1.5.3 Simple sequence repeats (SSRs)
    1.6 Aims and objectives
Chapter 2 Genome-wide analysis of NAC transcription factor family in walnut:evolution and expression profiles during development
    2.1 Materials and Methods
        2.1.1 Identification of NAC transcription factors in J. regia
        2.1.2 Phylogenetic relationship
        2.1.3 Chromosome location
        2.1.4 Motifs and Conserved Domain detection analysis
        2.1.5 Gene structure analysis
        2.1.6 Synteny analysis
        2.1.7 Calculating K_a/K_s values of duplicated gene pairs
        2.1.8 Cis-elements analysis and GO annotation
        2.1.9 Interaction network of Jr NAC proteins
        2.1.10 Plant materials,treatments,and collections
        2.1.11 Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)
    2.2 Results
        2.2.1 Identification and phylogenetic relationship of NAC transcription factor family in J.regia
        2.2.2 The chromosome location of NAC transcription factor family
        2.2.3 Conserved motifs analysis and gene structure
        2.2.4 Paralogous NACs genes
        2.2.5 Gene duplication
        2.2.6 Synteny analysis of JrNAC genes
        2.2.7 Promoter region analysis and conserved domains of JrNAC genes
        2.2.8 Expression profiles and qRT-PCR analysis of JrNACs among different tissues and flowering development stages
        2.2.9 The interaction network among flowering genes
    Summary
Chapter 3 Evolutionary history and genetic diversity of different Juglans regia of the world
    3.1 Materials and methods
        3.1.1 Sample collection and DNA extraction
        3.1.2 Analysis of FST outlier loci
        3.1.3 Genetic diversity analysis
        3.1.4 Phylogenetic relationship and population differentiation analysis
        3.1.5 Genetic structure
        3.1.6 Genetic barrier and gene flow analysis
        3.1.7 Species distribution modeling
    3.2 Results
        3.2.1 Genetic diversity of J. regia based on SSR
        3.2.2 Reconstruction of the past distribution shifts of J. regia
        3.2.3 Spatial genetic structure of J. regia
        3.2.4 Comparative landscape genetics
Chapter 4 Discussion
    4.1 The JrNACs transcription factors
        4.1.1 The Phylogenetic relationship
        4.1.2 Expansion and evolution of the JrNACs transcription factors
        4.1.3 Predicting the potential functions of JrNAC transcription factors
        4.1.4 Gene structure
        4.1.5 Cis-acting regulatory elements
        4.1.6 Protein-protein interaction
    4.2 Genetic diversity and populations structure based on molecular data
        4.2.1 Genetic diversity of Juglans regia
        4.2.2 The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)
        4.2.3 The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA)
        4.2.4 Isolation and gene flow
        4.2.5 Evolution history and distribution of walnut
        4.2.6 Multiple refugia for common walnut
        4.2.7 Dispersal of common walnut
    Summary
Conclusion
References
攻讀博士/碩士學(xué)位期間取得的科研成果
Acknowledgement
About the Author



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