Morpho-physiological and Antioxidants Enzymes Response in Sc
發(fā)布時間：2021-07-01 12:14
農田土壤鎘毒對植物動物的影響引起全球學者注意。通過四個相關且獨立的實驗,探討不同程度鎘毒的土壤動態(tài)變化,以及不同條件下香稻品種對鎘毒的響應。采用五個香稻品種（V1:美香占2號,V2:象牙香占,V3:桂香占,V4:巴斯馬蒂,V5:農香18）,設置四個鎘濃度梯度,分別為0、50 mg/kg-1、100 mg/kg-1、150mg/kg-1,通過盆栽實驗檢測鎘對香稻幼苗生長期的影響。實驗測定了在不同濃度Cd脅迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶活性、脂質過氧化作用中丙二醛（MDA）、過氧化氫（H2O2）含量、生長參數(shù)如株高、總干物質含量、水稻秧苗期鎘吸收量。結果表明,抗氧化酶活性隨著土壤Cd濃度增加而下降。Cd脅迫下水稻脂質過氧化作用與Cd濃度相關。所有水稻品種的根系、莖Cd吸收量隨著土壤Cd濃度增加而增加,根系吸收比莖高,V1和V5的根莖葉吸收量最高。V3各部位積累Cd較少。結果顯示,土壤鎘毒對水稻生長有負效應。水稻根吸收Cd比莖多且每個品種吸收效果不同�？傮w而言,鎘毒阻礙水稻苗期生理生化生長,但V3耐鎘毒害效果比其余四個好。采用五個香稻品種(V1:美香占2號,...
【文章來源】：華南農業(yè)大學廣東省
【文章頁數(shù)】：154 頁
【學位級別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PROGRESS ON THE RESEARCH
1.1 CADMIUM DEPOSITION AND CONTAMINATION OF PADDY SOILS
1.2 CADMIUM TOXICITY AND TRANSLOCATION IN RICE
1.3 FACTORS AFFECTING CADMIUM BIO-AVAILABILITY TO PLANT
1.3.1 Soil Cadmium Concentration
1.3.2 Sources of Cadmium
1.3.3 Cadmium long term aging in soils and Soil p H
1.3.4 Soil redox potential
1.3.5 Sulphur biochemical cycling
1.3.6 Mn and Fe Oxyhydroxides
1.3.7 Chlorides and Organic Matter Content
1.3.8 Bio-solids incorporation and EDTA addition in the soil
1.3.9 Silicon
1.3.10 Temperature effects
1.3.11 Nutrient effects
1.3.12 Cultivar types
1.4 Cadmium Accumulation in Agricultural Soils and Effects on Rice Plants
1.4.1 Morphological Effects
1.4.2 Physiological Effects
1.4.3 Photosynthesis
1.4.4 Biochemical Effects
1.4.4.1 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production
1.4.4.2 Antioxidant Enzymes Regulation and Gene Expression
1.5 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CADMIUM TOLERANCE IN RICE
1.5.1 APPLICATION OF SIGNALING MOLECULES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
1.5.2 FERTILIZATION AND APPLICATION OF MINERAL ELEMENTS
CHAPTER 2: MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS ENZYMES RESPONSES IN AROMATIC RICE SEEDLINGS AS AFFECTED BY CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 Soil Preparation and Pot Experiment
2.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
2.2.3 Determination of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
2.2.3.1 SOD Assay
2.2.3.2 POD Assay
2.2.3.3 CAT Assay
2.2.4 Ascorbate peroxidase Determination (APX)
2.2.5 Glutathione Reductase (GR) Determination
2.2.6 Glutathione (GSH) Determination
2.2.7 Ascorbic Acid (As A) Determination
2.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Malondiadehyde (MDA)
2.2.9 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
2.2.10 Determination of Growth Parameters (Shoot length and dry matter content)
2.2.11 Cd Uptake Detection
2.2.12 Statistical Analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Changes in POD Activity at Varying Sampling Dates
2.3.2 Changes in Seedlings CAT Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.3 Changes in Seedlings SOD Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.4 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.5 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione Reductase (GR) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.6 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione (GSH) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.7 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbic Acid (As A) Contents at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.8 Changes in Seedlings Malondialdehyde (MDA) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.9 Changes in Seedlings (H2O2) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.10 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Heights(cm)
2.3.11 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Dry Matter Contents
2.3.12 Cadmium uptake in the different plant parts
2.3.13 Cadmium Transfer Factor from Roots to Stems and from Stems to Leaves (%)
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3: CADMIUM (CD) UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION IN FRAGRANT RICEGENOTYPES AND RELATED CONSEQUENCES ON YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITYTRAITS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 METHODOLOGY
3.2.1 Soil preparation and treatments application
3.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
3.2.3 Determination of Anti-oxidants Enzymes
3.2.4 SOD Determination
3.2.5 CAT Determination
3.2.6 POD Determination
3.2.7 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
3.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
3.2.9 Determination of Proline
3.2.10 Determination of Protein Content
3.2.11 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
3.2.12 Determination of Yield and its Components
3.2.13 Determination of Cd Uptake
3.2.14 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
3.2.15 Statistical Analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Effects of Cadmium on POD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.2 Effects of Cadmium on SOD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.3 Effects of Cadmium on CAT Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.4 Effects of Cadmium on H2O2 Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.5 Effects of Cadmium on MDA Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.6 Effects of Cadmium on Proline Contents at Different Stages (μg/g FW)
3.3.7 Effects of Cadmium on Protein Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.8 Effects of Cadmium on Soluble Sugar Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.9 Cadmium (Cd) Uptake in Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.10 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1)
3.3.11 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Maturity Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.12 Translocation Factor (TF) of Cd Contents between Organs of the Five Different riceCultivars at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.13 Effects of Cadmium on Yield and its Parameters
3.3.14 Grain Quality Attributes as Influenced by Cd Toxicity
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4: CALCIUM (CA) MEDIATED GROWTH AND OXIDATIVE STRESS REGULATION IN SCENTED RICE UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Soil Preparation and Treatments Application
4.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
4.2.3 Determination of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
4.2.3.1 SOD Assay
4.2.3.2 POD Assay
4.2.3.3 CAT Assay
4.2.4 Determination of Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2
4.2.5 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
4.2.6 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Electrolyte Lickage (EL)
4.2.7 Determination of Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids)
4.2.8 Determination of Proline
4.2.9 Determination of Protein Content
4.2.10 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
4.2.11 Determination of Yield and its Components
4.2.12 Determination of Cd Uptake
4.2.13 Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Effects of Ca Amendment on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) under Cd Stress
4.3.2 Effects of Ca Amendment on Catalase Content (CAT) under Cd Stress
4.3.3 Effects of Ca Amendment on Peroxidase Content (POD) under Cd Stress
4.3.4 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of MDA under Cd Stress
4.3.5 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2 under Cd Stress
4.3.6 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of EL under Cd Stress
4.3.7 Effects of Ca Amendment on Proline Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.8 Effects of Ca Amendment on Protein Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.9 Effects of Ca Amendment on Soluble Sugar Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.10 Effects of Ca on Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, b and Carotenoids) under CdCtress (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.1 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll a (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.2 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll b (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.11 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.12 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.13 Calcium Influence on Rice Dry Matter Contents under Cadmium Stress (g pot?1 DW)
4.3.14 Rice Yield and its Components
4.4 DISCUSSIONS
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 5: THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF JASMONATE ON YIELD, GRAIN QUALITY AND MINERAL ELEMENTS IN SCENTED RICECULTIVARS UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM STRESS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 METHODOLOGY
5.2.1 Research Design and Treatments Application
5.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
5.2.3 Determination of Yield and Yield Components
5.2.4 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
5.2.5 Determination of Cd Uptake and Mineral Elements Contents in Grains
5.2.6 Statistical Analysis
5.3 RESULTS
5.3.1 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Rice Yield and Components under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.2 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Grain Quality Attributes under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.3 Contents of Grain Mineral Elements as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulator under CdToxicity
5.3.4 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage (ug g-1 DW)
5.3.5 Cadmium Transfer Factor in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage
5.4 DISCUSSIONS
5.5 CONCLUSIONS
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE PH. D STUDIES
【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]生物質炭與氮肥配施降低水稻重金屬含量的盆栽試驗[J]. 陳少毅,許超,張文靜,吳啟堂. 農業(yè)工程學報. 2014(14)
[2]Using iron fertilizer to control Cd accumulation in rice plants: A new promising technology[J]. SHAO GuoSheng, CHEN MingXue, WANG DanYing, XU ChunMei, MOU RenXiang, CAO ZhaoYun & ZHANG XiuFu China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 31006, China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2008(03)
[3]有機物料對土壤鎘形態(tài)及其生物有效性的影響[J]. 張秋芳,王果,楊佩藝,方玲. 應用生態(tài)學報. 2002(12)
[4]鎘對植物的生理生態(tài)效應的研究進展[J]. 張金彪,黃維南. 生態(tài)學報. 2000(03)
本文編號：3259118
【文章來源】：華南農業(yè)大學廣東省
【文章頁數(shù)】：154 頁
【學位級別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PROGRESS ON THE RESEARCH
1.1 CADMIUM DEPOSITION AND CONTAMINATION OF PADDY SOILS
1.2 CADMIUM TOXICITY AND TRANSLOCATION IN RICE
1.3 FACTORS AFFECTING CADMIUM BIO-AVAILABILITY TO PLANT
1.3.1 Soil Cadmium Concentration
1.3.2 Sources of Cadmium
1.3.3 Cadmium long term aging in soils and Soil p H
1.3.4 Soil redox potential
1.3.5 Sulphur biochemical cycling
1.3.6 Mn and Fe Oxyhydroxides
1.3.7 Chlorides and Organic Matter Content
1.3.8 Bio-solids incorporation and EDTA addition in the soil
1.3.9 Silicon
1.3.10 Temperature effects
1.3.11 Nutrient effects
1.3.12 Cultivar types
1.4 Cadmium Accumulation in Agricultural Soils and Effects on Rice Plants
1.4.1 Morphological Effects
1.4.2 Physiological Effects
1.4.3 Photosynthesis
1.4.4 Biochemical Effects
1.4.4.1 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production
1.4.4.2 Antioxidant Enzymes Regulation and Gene Expression
1.5 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CADMIUM TOLERANCE IN RICE
1.5.1 APPLICATION OF SIGNALING MOLECULES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
1.5.2 FERTILIZATION AND APPLICATION OF MINERAL ELEMENTS
CHAPTER 2: MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS ENZYMES RESPONSES IN AROMATIC RICE SEEDLINGS AS AFFECTED BY CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 Soil Preparation and Pot Experiment
2.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
2.2.3 Determination of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
2.2.3.1 SOD Assay
2.2.3.2 POD Assay
2.2.3.3 CAT Assay
2.2.4 Ascorbate peroxidase Determination (APX)
2.2.5 Glutathione Reductase (GR) Determination
2.2.6 Glutathione (GSH) Determination
2.2.7 Ascorbic Acid (As A) Determination
2.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Malondiadehyde (MDA)
2.2.9 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
2.2.10 Determination of Growth Parameters (Shoot length and dry matter content)
2.2.11 Cd Uptake Detection
2.2.12 Statistical Analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Changes in POD Activity at Varying Sampling Dates
2.3.2 Changes in Seedlings CAT Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.3 Changes in Seedlings SOD Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.4 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.5 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione Reductase (GR) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.6 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione (GSH) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.7 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbic Acid (As A) Contents at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.8 Changes in Seedlings Malondialdehyde (MDA) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.9 Changes in Seedlings (H2O2) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.10 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Heights(cm)
2.3.11 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Dry Matter Contents
2.3.12 Cadmium uptake in the different plant parts
2.3.13 Cadmium Transfer Factor from Roots to Stems and from Stems to Leaves (%)
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3: CADMIUM (CD) UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION IN FRAGRANT RICEGENOTYPES AND RELATED CONSEQUENCES ON YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITYTRAITS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 METHODOLOGY
3.2.1 Soil preparation and treatments application
3.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
3.2.3 Determination of Anti-oxidants Enzymes
3.2.4 SOD Determination
3.2.5 CAT Determination
3.2.6 POD Determination
3.2.7 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
3.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
3.2.9 Determination of Proline
3.2.10 Determination of Protein Content
3.2.11 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
3.2.12 Determination of Yield and its Components
3.2.13 Determination of Cd Uptake
3.2.14 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
3.2.15 Statistical Analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Effects of Cadmium on POD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.2 Effects of Cadmium on SOD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.3 Effects of Cadmium on CAT Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.4 Effects of Cadmium on H2O2 Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.5 Effects of Cadmium on MDA Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.6 Effects of Cadmium on Proline Contents at Different Stages (μg/g FW)
3.3.7 Effects of Cadmium on Protein Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.8 Effects of Cadmium on Soluble Sugar Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.9 Cadmium (Cd) Uptake in Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.10 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1)
3.3.11 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Maturity Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.12 Translocation Factor (TF) of Cd Contents between Organs of the Five Different riceCultivars at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.13 Effects of Cadmium on Yield and its Parameters
3.3.14 Grain Quality Attributes as Influenced by Cd Toxicity
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4: CALCIUM (CA) MEDIATED GROWTH AND OXIDATIVE STRESS REGULATION IN SCENTED RICE UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Soil Preparation and Treatments Application
4.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
4.2.3 Determination of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
4.2.3.1 SOD Assay
4.2.3.2 POD Assay
4.2.3.3 CAT Assay
4.2.4 Determination of Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2
4.2.5 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
4.2.6 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Electrolyte Lickage (EL)
4.2.7 Determination of Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids)
4.2.8 Determination of Proline
4.2.9 Determination of Protein Content
4.2.10 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
4.2.11 Determination of Yield and its Components
4.2.12 Determination of Cd Uptake
4.2.13 Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Effects of Ca Amendment on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) under Cd Stress
4.3.2 Effects of Ca Amendment on Catalase Content (CAT) under Cd Stress
4.3.3 Effects of Ca Amendment on Peroxidase Content (POD) under Cd Stress
4.3.4 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of MDA under Cd Stress
4.3.5 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2 under Cd Stress
4.3.6 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of EL under Cd Stress
4.3.7 Effects of Ca Amendment on Proline Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.8 Effects of Ca Amendment on Protein Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.9 Effects of Ca Amendment on Soluble Sugar Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.10 Effects of Ca on Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, b and Carotenoids) under CdCtress (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.1 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll a (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.2 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll b (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.11 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.12 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.13 Calcium Influence on Rice Dry Matter Contents under Cadmium Stress (g pot?1 DW)
4.3.14 Rice Yield and its Components
4.4 DISCUSSIONS
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 5: THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF JASMONATE ON YIELD, GRAIN QUALITY AND MINERAL ELEMENTS IN SCENTED RICECULTIVARS UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM STRESS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 METHODOLOGY
5.2.1 Research Design and Treatments Application
5.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
5.2.3 Determination of Yield and Yield Components
5.2.4 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
5.2.5 Determination of Cd Uptake and Mineral Elements Contents in Grains
5.2.6 Statistical Analysis
5.3 RESULTS
5.3.1 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Rice Yield and Components under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.2 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Grain Quality Attributes under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.3 Contents of Grain Mineral Elements as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulator under CdToxicity
5.3.4 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage (ug g-1 DW)
5.3.5 Cadmium Transfer Factor in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage
5.4 DISCUSSIONS
5.5 CONCLUSIONS
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE PH. D STUDIES
【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]生物質炭與氮肥配施降低水稻重金屬含量的盆栽試驗[J]. 陳少毅,許超,張文靜,吳啟堂. 農業(yè)工程學報. 2014(14)
[2]Using iron fertilizer to control Cd accumulation in rice plants: A new promising technology[J]. SHAO GuoSheng, CHEN MingXue, WANG DanYing, XU ChunMei, MOU RenXiang, CAO ZhaoYun & ZHANG XiuFu China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 31006, China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2008(03)
[3]有機物料對土壤鎘形態(tài)及其生物有效性的影響[J]. 張秋芳,王果,楊佩藝,方玲. 應用生態(tài)學報. 2002(12)
[4]鎘對植物的生理生態(tài)效應的研究進展[J]. 張金彪,黃維南. 生態(tài)學報. 2000(03)
本文編號：3259118
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