發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-06-27 10:16

　　籽粒大小是影響粒重的重要農(nóng)藝性狀之一,在水稻中其對籽粒品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量有著重要的影響。然而,在作物中籽粒大小調(diào)控機(jī)制尚不完全明確。在本研究中,為了闡明水稻籽粒大小、粒型和粒重的遺傳機(jī)制,我們通過利用大粒品系中恢8015和普通野生稻雜交、回交手段,構(gòu)建了一個(gè)染色體片段滲入系（BC₄F₆）。在杭州和陵水兩地、四代,利用分子輔助選擇（marker-assisted selection,MAS）和全基因關(guān)聯(lián)分析（Genome wide association study,GWAS）進(jìn)行群體構(gòu)建與水稻籽粒大小QTLs分析。在杭州和陵水兩地,利用集群分離分析法（Bulk sergeant analysis,BSA）構(gòu)建遺傳圖譜和水稻籽粒大小QTLs鑒定。在第3號染色體著絲粒附近鑒定到了與籽粒大小密切相關(guān)的QTL簇,其中存在6個(gè)相關(guān)QTL位點(diǎn)。其中,來自大粒親本中恢8015、分別控制粒長、長寬比及千粒重的四個(gè)QTL qGL3.1、qLWR3.1、qTGW3和qTGW3.1,其貢獻(xiàn)率分別為80.91%、63.43%、24.40%和41.23%。其中qGL3.1和q... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：132 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
    1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
        1.2.1 What is grain size
        1.2.2 Genetic analysis of grain size and weight
        1.2.3 What are quantitative trait loci(QTL)
        1.2.4 Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in rice
        1.2.5 Identification of QTL
        1.2.6 QTL mapping/linkage analysis
        1.2.7 Association mapping/marker-trait association analysis
        1.2.8 Genome-wide association mapping
        1.2.9 Candidate gene association mapping
    1.3 MAJOR GRAIN SIZE REGULATORS AND QTL
        1.3.1 GS3 and DEP
        1.3.2 MAPK signaling pathway functions in grain size
        1.3.3 Ubiquitin-proteasome pathways(UPP)
        1.3.4 Phytohormones control grain size
        1.3.5 Auxin
        1.3.6 Cytokinin
        1.3.7 Grain size control by transcriptional regulatory factors
    1.4 LIMITATIONS,CHALLENGES AND PROSPECT OF QTL MAPPING OF GRAIN SIZE
CHAPTER 2 Rapid Identification Of Major Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Grain Size Using Advance Backcross Generation In Rice
    2.1 INTRODUCTION
    2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        2.2.1 Plant materials
        2.2.2 Field trial and phenotypic evaluation
        2.2.3 Statistical analysis
        2.2.4 Marker development and bulk sergeant analysis method
        2.2.5 Identification of QTL and linkage map construction
        2.2.6 DNA extraction and genotyping
    2.3 RESULTS
        2.3.1 Phenotypic performance of two parents and introgression line
        2.3.2 Genetic map and QTL analysis
        2.3.3 QTL environmental interaction analysis and stability of QTL for grain size
    2.4 Discussion
CHAPTER 3 Association mapping of quantitative trait loci affecting grain size in advance backcross-generation derived by Oryza rufipogon griff
    3.1 INTRODUCTION
    3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        3.2.1 Plant materials construction
        3.2.2 Field trial and phenotypic evaluation
        3.2.3 Statistical analysis
        3.2.4 DNA extraction and SNP genotyping
        3.2.5 Genome-wide association mapping and allele mining
        3.2.6 DNA sequence analysis
        3.2.7 Gene expression analysis
    3.3 RESULTS
        3.3.1 Phenotypic evaluation of parents and introgression line
        3.3.2 Basic statistics of SNP markers
        3.3.3 Genome-wide association analysis
        3.3.4 Pleiotropy or gene linkage
        3.3.5 DNA sequence and haplotype analysis
        3.3.6 Gene expression analysis
    3.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER 4 Rna-Seq/Next-Generation Sequencing Of Young Panicles Of Rice
    4.1 INTRODUCTION
    4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        4.2.1 Plant material
        4.2.2 RNA extraction and quality control
        4.2.3 Library preparation
        4.2.4 Mapping of reads
        4.2.5 Gene expression analysis
        4.2.6 Gene expression statistics
        4.2.7 Repeat sample correlation analysis
        4.2.8 Differential gene expression analysis and expression level
        4.2.9 Significant differentially expressed gene DEG screening
        4.2.10 Differentially expressed gene analysis
        4.2.11 Gene ontology(GO)function and enrichment analysis and classification
        4.2.12 DEG GO function,classification and GO enrichment
        4.2.13 Functional analysis of DEG,KEGG pathway and enrichment analysis
        4.2.14 Cluster analysis of differential gene expression
        4.2.15 Variable splicing analysis
        4.2.16 New transcription predictive analysis,
        4.2.17 Point mutation(SNP)analysis
    4.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
        4.3.1 Sequencing data statistics
        4.3.2 Gene expression analysis of DEGs
        4.3.3 Significant differentially expressed gene DGE screening
        4.3.4 Grouping of DEGs
        4.3.5 Gene ontology(GO)annotation and enrichment analysis
        4.3.6 Cluster analysis
        4.3.7 Variable splicing analysis
        4.3.8 Point mutation(SNP)analysis
        4.3.9 New transcript prediction analysis
CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    5.1 SUMMARY
    5.2 MAJOR FINDINGS
    5.3 FUTURE DESIGN
REFERENCE
APPENDICES
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS DURING PH.D.STUDY
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHOR RESUME


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