灌溉用水對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)至關(guān)重要,提高用水效率是節(jié)約用水的關(guān)鍵。準(zhǔn)確估算騰發(fā)量（ET）對灌溉制度的規(guī)劃和高效利用現(xiàn)有水資源是十分必要的。在中國,茶是最主要的飲料之一。為了提高茶葉產(chǎn)量,需要通過最優(yōu)的騰發(fā)量估算方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)合理的灌溉管理。估算騰發(fā)量的方法包括渦度協(xié)方差（EC）法、波文比（BR）和蒸滲儀法。但是,以上方法由于存在儀器貴重、操作和數(shù)據(jù)處理復(fù)雜、對風(fēng)區(qū)和測量精度要求高等缺點(diǎn),大多無法用于日常田間使用。為克服上述問題,有研究提出了用表面更新（SR）法和通量方差（FV）法先來計(jì)算顯熱通量（H）和潛熱通量（LE）,然后結(jié)合凈輻射（Rn）和土壤熱通量（G）的測量,從而獲得對騰發(fā)量的估算。這兩種方法由于只使用低成本的細(xì)小金屬絲熱電偶來高頻率的測量空氣溫度,因而成本低且操作簡便。本研究以江蘇丹陽的一個(gè)茶園為對象,大約一年的試驗(yàn)過程包括了不同的季節(jié)和氣候變化。采用上述兩種方法對顯熱通量和潛熱通量估算及分析,并與渦度協(xié)方差法進(jìn)行比較。重點(diǎn)研究了不同風(fēng)區(qū)長度和氣溫測點(diǎn)高度對使用FV法估算顯熱通量和潛熱通量精度的影響。主要的研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1利用表面更新（SR）法估算茶園顯熱通量試驗(yàn)茶園位于北緯32.... 

【文章來源】：江蘇大學(xué)江蘇省

【文章頁數(shù)】：117 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
NOMENCLATURE
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
    1.1 Research Background,Aim and Significance
    1.2 Current surface fluxes measurement methods
    1.3 General Objectives
    1.4 Dissertation Layout
CHAPTER 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Fundamental of the atmospheric boundary layer
    2.2 Energy balance closure in the atmospheric boundary layer
        2.2.1 Latent heat flux
        2.2.2 Net radiation
        2.2.3 Soil heat flux
        2.2.4 Sensible heat flux
    2.3 Development of the Surface renewal method
        2.3.1 Application of the surface renewal method
    2.4 Development of the Flux variance method
        2.4.1 Application of the flux variance method
    2.5 Principle of Eddy covariance method
    2.6 Summary
CHAPTER 3 Estimation of Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes using Surface Renewal Method
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and methods
        3.2.1 Study site and climate
        3.2.2 Surface renewal(SR)method
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 Energy balance closure
        3.3.2 Sensible heat flux
        3.3.3 Latent heat flux
    3.4 Summary
CHAPTER 4 Fetch Effect on Flux Variance Estimations of Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Materials and Methods
        4.2.1 Study site and climate features
        4.2.2 The field experiments
        4.2.3 Flux variance method
        4.2.4 Footprint analysis
        4.2.5 Evaluation criteria
        4.2.6 Possible error sources
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 The footprint of EC flux measurements
        4.3.2 Energy balance closure analysis
        4.3.3 Sensible heat flux comparison
        4.3.4 Latent heat flux estimation
    4.4 Discussion
    4.5 Summary
CHAPTER 5 Effect of Air Temperature Measurement Height on Flux Variance Estimations of Sensible heat flux
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Materials and methods
        5.2.1 Environmental conditions
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Eddy covariance measurements
        5.3.2 Sensible heat flux
        5.3.3 Latent heat flux
    5.4 Summary
CHAPTER 6 Long-term Estimation of Sensible and Latent Using Flux Variance Method
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Material and methods
        6.2.1 Study site
        6.2.2 Micrometeorological measurements
        6.2.3 Fetch and wind direction
    6.3 Results and Discussion
        6.3.1 Climatic conditions
        6.3.2 Energy balance closure
        6.3.3 Sensible heat flux
        6.3.4 Latent heat flux
        6.3.5 Seasonal estimates of the energy balance components
        6.3.6 Footprint analysis of the EC system
    6.4 Summary
CHAPTER 7 General Conclusions,Key findings and Future Prospective
    7.1 General conclusion
        7.1.1 Estimation of sensible and latent heat fluxes using Surface Renewal method
        7.1.2 Fetch effect on Flux variance estimation of sensible and latent heat fluxes
        7.1.3 Effect of air temperature measurement height on Flux variance
        7.1.4 Long-term estimation of sensible and latent heat fluxes with Flux variance method
    7.2 Key findings
    7.3 Future prospective
References
Acknowledgements
Publications
ANNEX


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期刊論文
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