【摘要】：呼倫湖水質(zhì)未受到現(xiàn)代工農(nóng)業(yè)污染,基本符合《漁業(yè)水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB11607—89)和《地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB3838—2002)中3類(lèi)水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。呼倫湖水體水型為CINa,屬于半咸水。湖水中營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽含量較高,氮磷比例也較合理,完全能夠充分滿(mǎn)足藻類(lèi)繁殖生長(zhǎng)需要。呼倫湖富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化嚴(yán)重,魚(yú)類(lèi)區(qū)系組成和種群結(jié)構(gòu)極不合理,漁業(yè)資源嚴(yán)重衰退,漁獲物已基本完全低質(zhì)化、小型化、單一化。提出立體綜合營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)串聯(lián)效應(yīng)技術(shù)模式治理呼倫湖富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,調(diào)整呼倫湖魚(yú)類(lèi)區(qū)系組成,擴(kuò)大頂級(jí)肉食性魚(yú)類(lèi)種群規(guī)模,并提高呼倫湖漁獲物價(jià)值的辦法實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)修復(fù)呼倫湖。2010年建成苗種繁育孵化設(shè)施、設(shè)置生態(tài)修復(fù)試驗(yàn)區(qū)和自然產(chǎn)卵繁殖場(chǎng),2011—2012年共投放紅鰭湆苗種623萬(wàn)尾、細(xì)鱗魚(yú)苗種197萬(wàn)尾、高白鮭苗種380萬(wàn)尾。預(yù)計(jì)可回捕紅鰭湆27000kg、細(xì)鱗魚(yú)72000kg、高白鮭342000kg,轉(zhuǎn)化N、P的量分別為66591kg、2448kg,實(shí)現(xiàn)了通過(guò)生態(tài)治理方法達(dá)到延緩呼倫湖富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化、調(diào)整呼倫湖魚(yú)類(lèi)區(qū)系組成、擴(kuò)大經(jīng)濟(jì)魚(yú)類(lèi)種群規(guī)模、提高漁獲物價(jià)值的目的,為其漁業(yè)發(fā)展探索了一條有效途徑。
[Abstract]:The water quality of Hulun Lake is not polluted by modern industry and agriculture, which basically accords with the three kinds of water quality standards in Fisheries quality Standard (GB11607-89) and Surface Water Environmental quality Standard (GB3838-2002). The water type of Hulun Lake is CINa, which belongs to brackish water. The content of nutrients in lake water is high, and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus is more reasonable, which can fully meet the needs of algae reproduction and growth. The eutrophication of Hulun Lake is serious, the composition of fish fauna and population structure are very unreasonable, the fishery resources are seriously declining, and the catch has been basically completely low in quality, miniaturization and simplification. This paper puts forward the technical model of three-dimensional comprehensive nutrition grade series effect to control eutrophication of Hulun Lake, adjust the composition of fish fauna in Hulun Lake, expand the scale of top carnivorous fish stocks, and improve the catch value of Hulun Lake to realize ecological restoration of Hulun Lake. In 2010, seedling breeding and hatching facilities were built, ecological restoration experimental areas and natural spawning breeding grounds were set up, and a total of 6.23 million seedlings were released in 2012. There were 1.97 million fine scale fish fry and 3.8 million high white salmon seedlings. It is estimated that red fin is 27000 kg, fine scale fish 72000 kg, high white salmon 342000 kg, the amount of P is 66591 kg, 2448 kg respectively, which realizes the purpose of delaying eutrophication of Hulun Lake, adjusting the fish fauna composition of Hulun Lake, expanding the scale of economic fish population and increasing the fishing value, which explores an effective way for the development of Hulun Lake.
【作者單位】： 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)水產(chǎn)技術(shù)推廣站;北京林業(yè)大學(xué)生物科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院食品科學(xué)與工程系;吉林大學(xué);阿拉善盟農(nóng)畜產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)中心;巴彥淖爾市臨河區(qū)水產(chǎn)站;內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S932.4

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