【摘要】：自然資源是人類生存、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不可或缺的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),豐富的自然資源支撐著世界工業(yè)化的飛速發(fā)展。但是,人類粗放式的掠奪對資源造成巨大浪費(fèi),資源開發(fā)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展間的矛盾日益突出。由此,有效運(yùn)用國家有形的手介入自然資源市場,利用自然資源調(diào)控法來協(xié)調(diào)自然資源與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系十分必要。本論文共分四個(gè)部分:第一部分從自然資源稀缺性加劇的問題出發(fā),探討自然資源調(diào)控的必要性、可行性以及重要性。第二部分著重自然資源調(diào)控經(jīng)濟(jì)法理論與實(shí)證分析。在基礎(chǔ)理論方面,界定自然資源調(diào)控的范疇,剖析自然資源調(diào)控與經(jīng)濟(jì)法的連接點(diǎn)在于宏觀調(diào)控,并且討論自然資源調(diào)控相較于現(xiàn)有宏觀調(diào)控方式的獨(dú)立性。在法制實(shí)踐方面,梳理了我國現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)中關(guān)于調(diào)控自然資源的規(guī)定,總結(jié)現(xiàn)有宏觀調(diào)控方式的規(guī)律與不足。在實(shí)證分析方面,通過分析土地政策參與宏觀調(diào)控、南水北調(diào)、山西右玉植樹造林、稀土出口案等典型案例,探討了我國自然資源調(diào)控實(shí)踐的得失。第三部分著眼于域外經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)的習(xí)得。按照發(fā)達(dá)國家、發(fā)展中國家以及典型的資源型國家進(jìn)行分類,分別闡述了具有代表性的資源儲(chǔ)備、節(jié)能、資源替代、發(fā)展新能源、權(quán)利金、資源再生、資源稅費(fèi)以及參與全球資源經(jīng)濟(jì)治理等制度,通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),如果從可持續(xù)發(fā)展角度理解,所有經(jīng)濟(jì)管理方式的目的都?xì)w結(jié)于自然資源對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供持續(xù)動(dòng)力。第四部分提出我國自然資源調(diào)控的實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑,對自然資源調(diào)控方式進(jìn)行了一般調(diào)控與特殊調(diào)控的制度設(shè)計(jì),闡釋自然資源調(diào)控決策制定科學(xué)化、政策調(diào)整動(dòng)態(tài)化、政府權(quán)力適度化的程序機(jī)制,最后強(qiáng)調(diào)自然資源調(diào)控立法、執(zhí)法、守法之法治保障。本文主要運(yùn)用的研究方法有:1、規(guī)范分析法。其一,界定自然資源調(diào)控涵義及內(nèi)容,明晰論文的研究范疇;其二,梳理總結(jié)我國現(xiàn)有相關(guān)法律法規(guī)。2、實(shí)證分析法。一方面,搜集我國及域外資源的儲(chǔ)量、消耗量、進(jìn)出口量等數(shù)據(jù),討論自然資源調(diào)控的必要性,并且從數(shù)據(jù)反映各國自然資源調(diào)控政策;另一方面,引用研究我國自然資源調(diào)控典型案例,分析自然資源調(diào)控的實(shí)踐得失。3、經(jīng)濟(jì)分析法,借用成本-收益分析法等經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的相關(guān)原理闡釋市場經(jīng)濟(jì)及自然資源調(diào)控制度的制定和實(shí)施。4、比較分析法,通過域外典型自然資源調(diào)控制度的比較,借鑒其有效經(jīng)驗(yàn),并結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)狀實(shí)現(xiàn)本土化。本文認(rèn)為,我國的自然資源調(diào)控應(yīng)按照資源稀缺程度分別在一般路徑和特殊方式上不斷完善,形成覆蓋自然資源及其相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)各環(huán)節(jié)的宏觀調(diào)控體系機(jī)制。并且,應(yīng)強(qiáng)化自然資源調(diào)控的程序規(guī)則,規(guī)范調(diào)控行為,防止"政府失靈",保障調(diào)控的科學(xué)、動(dòng)態(tài)、適度。形成立法、執(zhí)法、守法全方位的自然資源調(diào)控法治格局,讓綠水青山保障金山銀山。
[Abstract]:Natural resources are the indispensable material basis for human survival and economic development. Rich natural resources support the rapid development of world industrialization. However, extensive human plunder has caused huge waste of resources, and the contradiction between resource development and economic development is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to make effective use of the visible hands of the state to intervene in the natural resources market and to coordinate the relationship between natural resources and economic development by means of natural resources regulation and control. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the necessity, feasibility and importance of natural resources regulation and control from the point of view of the aggravation of the scarcity of natural resources. The second part focuses on the theory and empirical analysis of natural resources regulation and economic law. In the aspect of basic theory, this paper defines the category of natural resource regulation, analyzes that the connection between natural resource regulation and economic law lies in macro-control, and discusses the independence of natural resource regulation compared with the existing macro-control mode. In the aspect of legal practice, this paper combs the regulation of regulation and control of natural resources in the existing laws and regulations of our country, and sums up the law and deficiency of the existing macro-control methods. In the aspect of empirical analysis, through analyzing the typical cases of land policy participating in macro-control, South-to-North Water transfer, Shanxi right jade afforestation, rare earth export case and so on, this paper discusses the gain and loss of China's natural resources regulation and control practice. The third part focuses on the acquisition of extraterritorial experiences and lessons. According to the classification of developed countries, developing countries and typical resource-based countries, the representative resource reserves, energy conservation, resource substitution, the development of new energy sources, rights grants, and resource regeneration are described respectively. From the perspective of sustainable development, the purpose of all economic management methods can be attributed to the sustained impetus of natural resources to economic development through the analysis of the system of resource taxes and fees and participation in global resource economic governance. The fourth part puts forward the realization path of natural resources control in our country, designs the system of general regulation and special regulation of natural resources control mode, explains the scientific decision-making of natural resources control and the dynamic adjustment of policy. The procedure mechanism of government power moderation, finally emphasizes the legislation of natural resources control, law enforcement, law-abiding law guarantee. The main research methods used in this paper are as follows: 1. Normative analysis method. First, define the meaning and content of natural resources regulation and control, clarify the research scope of the paper; second, comb and summarize the existing laws and regulations of our country. 2, empirical analysis. On the one hand, we collect the data of reserves, consumption, import and export of our country and extraterritorial resources, discuss the necessity of natural resources regulation and control, and reflect the natural resources control policies of various countries from the data; On the other hand, referring to the typical cases of natural resources regulation in China, this paper analyzes the practical gains and losses of natural resources regulation. 3, the economic analysis method. This paper expounds the formulation and implementation of market economy and natural resources regulation system by means of cost-benefit analysis and other relevant principles of economics. 4. Comparative analysis method, through the comparison of typical extraterritorial natural resources regulation system, draws lessons from its effective experience. And combine the present situation of our country to realize localization. In this paper, the author thinks that the natural resources regulation and control in China should be perfected in general path and special way respectively according to the degree of scarcity of resources, so as to form a macro-control system mechanism covering various links of natural resources and their related industries. In addition, we should strengthen the procedure rules of natural resources control, standardize the regulation behavior, prevent the "government failure", and guarantee the scientific, dynamic and moderate regulation and control. Form legislation, law enforcement, law-abiding all-round natural resources control rule of law pattern, let green waters and green mountains to protect Jinshan Yinshan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D922.6

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本文編號(hào)：2460040