【摘要】：四大家魚是我國淡水養(yǎng)殖和捕撈的主要對象,但關(guān)于珠江水系四大家魚資源狀況的研究甚少。研究于2015—2016年對珠江全流域16個(gè)站位分春夏秋3個(gè)季節(jié)進(jìn)行了全面調(diào)查,調(diào)查的漁具主要為鉤釣網(wǎng)、流刺網(wǎng)、定置刺網(wǎng)和蝦籠。共采集四大家魚965尾,其中青魚41尾、草魚454尾、鰱351尾、鳙119尾,均以1—2齡為主,占所有個(gè)體的70%左右。四大家魚主要分布于西江桂平至肇慶江段,以及上游南盤江萬峰湖庫區(qū)江段。其在整個(gè)流域CPUE最高為南盤江魯布革江段(5.68 kg);而在中上游紅水河大化、合山江段,其資源量較低,CPUE值不足1.50 kg。重要的東江、柳江、郁江等支流,資源量也較少,CPUE值不足2.00 kg。采用冗余分析方法(RDA)分析了四大家魚種群空間分布格局與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)河流等級、河流水電站總裝機(jī)容量、徑流量與河流深度是珠江水系四大家魚空間分布格局差異的主要影響因子�？傮w上,四大家魚主要分布于干流,鰱、淓和草魚的分布主要受徑流量和河流深度的影響,河流水電站的建設(shè)對草魚分布的影響最大。研究結(jié)果將對漁業(yè)資源多樣性保護(hù)和可持續(xù)利用具有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The four domestic fishes are the main objects of freshwater farming and fishing in China, but there are few studies on the resources of the four major domestic fish in the Pearl River system. A comprehensive investigation was carried out in three seasons of 16 stations in the Pearl River basin in spring, summer and autumn from 2015 to 2016. The main fishing gear investigated were hook net, dripping gill net, fixed gill net and shrimp cage. A total of 965 fishes were collected, including 41 herring, 454 grass carp, 351 silver carp and 119 bighead carp, all of which were mainly 1-2 years old, accounting for about 70% of all individuals. The four domestic fishes are mainly distributed in the section of Xijiang River from Guiping to Zhaoqing, and the upper reaches of the Nanpan River and Wanfeng Lake Reservoir area. The maximum CPUE in the whole basin is the Lubuge section (5.68 kg);) in the Nanpanjiang River, and the lower CPUE value is less than 1.50 kg. in the middle and upper reaches of Hongshui River and Heshan River. The important tributaries of Dongjiang River, Liujiang River and Yujiang River have less resources than 2.00 kg.. The relationship between the spatial distribution pattern of four large fish species and environmental factors was analyzed by using redundancy analysis method (RDA). It was found that the river grade and the total installed capacity of river hydropower stations. Runoff and river depth are the main factors influencing the spatial distribution pattern of the four big domestic fishes in the Pearl River system. As a whole, the distribution of the four domestic fishes is mainly distributed in the main stream. The distribution of silver carp, grass carp and grass carp is mainly affected by the runoff and the depth of the river, and the construction of river hydropower station has the greatest influence on the distribution of grass carp. The results of the study will be of guiding significance for the conservation and sustainable utilization of fishery resources.
【作者單位】： 中國水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院珠江水產(chǎn)研究所中國水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院珠江流域漁業(yè)資源養(yǎng)護(hù)與生態(tài)修復(fù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;農(nóng)業(yè)部珠江中下游漁業(yè)資源環(huán)境重點(diǎn)野外科學(xué)觀測試驗(yàn)站;
【基金】：中國水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目(2015B01PT01) 廣西省自然科學(xué)重大基金項(xiàng)目(2013GXNSFEA053003) 國家自然科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(31400354)資助~~
【分類號】：S931

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