發(fā)布時間：2018-04-10 17:22

  本文選題：地下水資源 + 開發(fā)利用�。� 參考：《水文地質工程地質》2016年02期

【摘要】：中國和美國分別作為發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家的代表,兩國開發(fā)利用地下水較早,在地下水開發(fā)利用過程中積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗。通過介紹兩國地下水資源開發(fā)利用的現(xiàn)狀,揭示其多年地下水用水量的變化規(guī)律,并進行對比分析。結果表明:近年來,兩國地下水用水量仍超過1000×10~8m~3/a,地下水用水量占總用水量的比例均為20%左右,其中約有60%用于農業(yè)灌溉,三個指標整體上均呈現(xiàn)減少趨勢。在人口、人均GDP和有效灌溉面積三個影響因素中,兩國地下水用水量的首要影響因素均是有效灌溉面積。調水工程的興建,可緩解地下水開采壓力,有效地減少了地下水用水量。與美國相比,中國的用水效率較低,今后應進一步推廣節(jié)水技術,加強地下水資源管理。
[Abstract]:Chinese and America respectively as a representative of the developed countries and the developing countries, the development and utilization of groundwater in the two countries earlier, groundwater exploitation process has accumulated rich experience. Through the introduction of the current situation of development and utilization of the groundwater resources, groundwater reveals the change law of water consumption, and comparative analysis. The results showed that: in recent years, the use of groundwater the water is still more than 1000 * 10~8m~3/a, groundwater water use to total water use ratio was about 20%, of which about 60% is used for agricultural irrigation, three indicators showed a trend of decrease in population, per capita GDP and effective irrigation area of the three factors, the primary factors of groundwater water are is the effective irrigation area. The water diversion project construction, can alleviate the pressure of groundwater, effectively reduce groundwater consumption. Compared with the United States, China's water use efficiency In the future, the water saving technology should be further promoted and the management of groundwater resources should be strengthened.

【作者單位】： 河海大學水文水資源與水利工程科學國家重點實驗室;美國內布拉斯加大學林肯分校自然資源學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41172203,41201029,41301017)
【分類號】：P641.8

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本文編號：1732170