本文選題：黑水河　切入點：魚類資源　出處：《長江流域資源與環(huán)境》2017年06期

【摘要】：為了解白鶴灘蓄水運行前黑水河下游魚類資源的現(xiàn)狀、受到的主要威脅及其保護(hù)措施,于2014年1~12月在黑水河下游干支流江段采用電捕法進(jìn)行了漁獲物調(diào)查。結(jié)果顯示:12個月共調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)魚類28種,隸屬于3目8科23屬,其中喜流水生境、產(chǎn)粘沉性卵、以著生藻類或/和底棲動物為食物的魚類種類較多;調(diào)查區(qū)域魚類個體規(guī)格普遍較小,其中齊口裂腹魚Schizothorax prenanti、短體副鰍Paracobitis potanini、紅尾副鰍Paracobitis varigatus、短須裂腹魚Schizothorax wangchiachii、前鰭高原鰍Triplophysa anterodorsalis、中華紋胸洝Glyptothorax sinense和凹尾擬溈Pseudobagrus emarginatus為調(diào)查區(qū)域的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)魚類;上半年和下半年的漁獲物結(jié)構(gòu)在統(tǒng)計學(xué)上差異顯著(R=0.81,p=0.1%0.05),魚類在金沙江干流和黑水河下游之間的相互遷徙比較明顯;CPUE呈現(xiàn)先波動下降然后逐月上升的趨勢,其中10月份的CPUE最低;豐度生物量比較曲線顯示2014年各月的漁獲物結(jié)構(gòu)均處于嚴(yán)重干擾狀態(tài)。黑水河下游河道采砂以及過度捕撈是白鶴灘蓄水前影響黑水河下游魚類資源的主要因素,建議通過控制采砂的江段、采砂的時間以及全面禁捕保護(hù)該區(qū)域的魚類資源。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the present situation of fish resources in the lower reaches of the Heishui River before the storage and operation of Baihetan, the main threats to the fish resources and their protection measures are also discussed. A fishing catch survey was carried out in the lower reaches of the Heishui River from January to December 2014. The results showed that 28 species of fish, belonging to 3 orders, 8 families, 23 genera, were found in 12 months. There are more species of fish that feed on algae or / and benthic animals; individual fish specifications are generally smaller in the survey regions, Among them, Schizothorax prenantia, Paracobitis potanini, Paracobitis varigatus, Schizothorax wangchiachii, Triplophysa anterior odorsalis, Glyptothorax sinense and Weiwei Pseudobagrus emarginatus were the main economic fishes in the investigation area. In the first half of the year and the second half of the year, there was a significant statistical difference in the catch structure of the fish. The fish migration between the main stream of the Jinsha River and the lower reaches of the Heishui River showed a trend of first fluctuation and then a monthly increase, in which the CPUE in October was the lowest. The comparative curve of abundance biomass showed that the catch structure in each month of 2014 was seriously disturbed. Sand mining and overfishing in the lower reaches of Heishui River were the main factors affecting the fish resources in the lower reaches of Heishui River before impounding. It is suggested that the fish resources in this area be protected by controlling the river section of sand mining, the time of sand mining and the total ban on fishing.
【作者單位】： 水利部中國科學(xué)院水工程生態(tài)研究所水利部水工程生態(tài)效應(yīng)與生態(tài)修復(fù)重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51379134) 水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項經(jīng)費項目(201501001)~~
【分類號】：S937

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