發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-13 03:35

  本文選題：涇惠渠灌區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：地下水生態(tài)水位　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：陜西省涇惠渠灌區(qū)作為一個(gè)典型的渠井雙灌區(qū)，為關(guān)中地區(qū)糧食生產(chǎn)安全作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。本論文主要針對(duì)涇惠渠灌區(qū)面臨的水資源短缺、灌溉用水不合理、地下水超采等問題，提出井渠結(jié)合灌區(qū)的水資源健康配置概念，并通過收集多年灌區(qū)渠首引水和地下水用水資料，結(jié)合灌區(qū)多年降水情況、實(shí)際種植結(jié)構(gòu)與灌溉制度以及灌區(qū)渠道水利用系數(shù)等，分析灌區(qū)不同水文年理論灌溉需水量，進(jìn)行地表水—地下水水資源聯(lián)合配置。論文主要研究成果如下： （1）對(duì)研究區(qū)水資源利用現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析，反映了其近年來水資源開發(fā)利用狀況，提出水資源開發(fā)利用中存在的問題。 （2）確立了地下水生態(tài)水位的上下限閾值，利用CROPWAT模型計(jì)算灌區(qū)作物的理論需水量。玉米、冬小麥、棉花整個(gè)生育期需水量分別為541.6mm、612.2mm和862.2mm。 （3）對(duì)灌區(qū)供水量進(jìn)行了分析，根據(jù)作物需水過程和供水約束，結(jié)合大系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化理論建立了水資源配置模型，利用遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解，得出50%和75%兩種頻率年灌溉配水方案。 （4）運(yùn)用ARIMA時(shí)間序列模型進(jìn)行降水量預(yù)測，得出未來10年的降水量，并依據(jù)配水方案計(jì)算出地下水補(bǔ)給量，結(jié)合MODFLOW進(jìn)行地下水位預(yù)報(bào)，結(jié)果顯示，，此方案下不會(huì)存在鹽漬化問題，但存在小范圍超出生態(tài)水位下限的情況。 通過本論文的研究，提出了涇惠渠灌區(qū)未來地表水—地下水資源可持續(xù)利用的健康灌溉配水方案，并驗(yàn)證了結(jié)果的合理性和實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:Jinghui Canal Irrigation District in Shaanxi Province, as a typical canal and well irrigation area, has made a great contribution to grain production safety in Guanzhong area. This paper mainly aims at the shortage of water resources and unreasonable irrigation water use in Jinghui Canal Irrigation District. In this paper, the concept of healthy allocation of water resources in well and canal combined irrigation area is put forward, and through collecting the data of diversion of canal head and groundwater water in irrigation area for many years, combined with the situation of precipitation in irrigation area, the paper puts forward the concept of over-exploitation of groundwater and so on. The actual planting structure, irrigation system and irrigation canal water utilization coefficient are analyzed, and the theoretical irrigation water demand in different hydrological years of irrigation district is analyzed, and the surface water and groundwater water resources are jointly allocated. The main research results are as follows:. 1) the present situation of water resources utilization in the study area is analyzed, which reflects the situation of water resources development and utilization in recent years, and puts forward the problems existing in the development and utilization of water resources. (2) the upper and lower threshold of groundwater ecological water level was established, and the theoretical water requirement of crops in irrigated area was calculated by CROPWAT model. The water requirement of corn, winter wheat and cotton were 541.6 mm / 612.2 mm and 862.2 mm respectively during the whole growth period. The water supply in irrigation area was analyzed. According to crop water demand process and water supply constraints, the water resources allocation model was established in combination with the large system optimization theory. The genetic algorithm was used to solve the problem, and two kinds of annual irrigation water distribution schemes with frequency of 50% and 75% were obtained. (4) using ARIMA time series model to predict precipitation, get precipitation in the next 10 years, calculate groundwater recharge according to water distribution scheme and forecast groundwater level with MODFLOW. The result shows that there is no salinization problem under this scheme. However, there is a small area beyond the lower ecological water level. Through the research of this paper, a healthy irrigation water distribution scheme for the future surface water and groundwater resources sustainable utilization in Jinghui Canal Irrigation area is put forward, and the rationality and practicability of the results are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：S274;P641.8

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