本文關(guān)鍵詞： 開都-孔雀河流域 水資源負(fù)載 供需平衡 水資源承載力　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人類社會不斷進步，人口數(shù)量增加、社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理和生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞等導(dǎo)致水環(huán)境問題、水資源供需矛盾日益突出，已經(jīng)限制了人類的生存和發(fā)展，因此水資源問題已成為人類社會亟待解決的一個問題。開都-孔雀河流域位于新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)天山南麓，不僅是南疆綠洲的生態(tài)源，還是重要的生命源，但時空分布的不均勻?qū)е滤Y源的利用難度很大，部分縣市水資源的緊缺已經(jīng)影響到當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣?jīng)濟的發(fā)展。因此，研究開都-孔雀河流域水資源承載力并制定與之相協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展對策，，對該流域國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本論文主要從開都-孔雀河流域的水資源開發(fā)利用和供需平衡以及水資源承載力兩個方面展開論述。得到以下初步結(jié)論： 1．本文分析了開都-孔雀河流域的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、生活、生態(tài)環(huán)境用水及其供需情況。并用水資源負(fù)載指數(shù)對開都河流域水資源的開發(fā)利用情況進行了評判。研究結(jié)果表明：供需不平衡的縣市為尉犁縣、庫爾勒市、焉耆、博湖。其中庫爾勒、尉犁缺水量較大；焉耆、博湖缺水量較�。缓挽o縣、和碩縣有盈余量，流域內(nèi)水資源供需基本平衡。對于水資源的開發(fā)利用，從行政分區(qū)來看，開都-孔雀河流域有50%的縣市在2010、2012年屬于Ⅰ級，其中庫爾勒市更為明顯，水資源利用程度較高，開發(fā)利用潛力較��；從整體上看，整個流域的水資源前景不容樂觀，開發(fā)潛力非常有限。 2．構(gòu)建了評價開都-孔雀河流域水資源承載力的模糊綜合評判模型，對流域不同水平年的水資源承載力進行了綜合評價。水資源承載力橫向結(jié)果表明：開都-孔雀河流域各縣市水資源承載力表現(xiàn)為時間差異不顯著，空間差異顯著的分布特點，流域內(nèi)各縣市皆屬可承載范圍。 3．水資源承載力縱向結(jié)果表明：雖然開孔河流域水資源子系統(tǒng)總體上呈現(xiàn)了良好的支撐能力，但卻呈持續(xù)下降狀態(tài)。由于人口增多、城鎮(zhèn)與鄉(xiāng)村生活用水增加，灌溉用水增加，社會子系統(tǒng)呈下降狀態(tài)。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展子系統(tǒng)對于水資源承載的支撐呈現(xiàn)波動式發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)。雖然生態(tài)環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)承載力處于“強”承載狀態(tài)，但逐年遞減趨勢明顯，這主要因為河流水質(zhì)的降低，土壤鹽漬化問題嚴(yán)重，雖然經(jīng)過治理，但效果不明顯。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society, the increase of population, the development of social economy, the unreasonable industrial structure and the destruction of ecological environment, etc., the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is becoming more and more prominent. Has restricted the survival and development of human beings, so water resources has become a problem to be solved urgently in human society. Kaidu-Kongque River basin is located in the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region. It is not only the ecological source of southern Xinjiang oasis, but also an important source of life, but the uneven distribution of time and space leads to the difficulty of water resources utilization. The shortage of water resources in some counties and cities has affected the development of local society and economy. Therefore, the carrying capacity of water resources in Kaidu-Malacho River Basin is studied and coordinated development countermeasures are formulated. This paper mainly discusses the exploitation and utilization of water resources, the balance of supply and demand and the carrying capacity of water resources in Kaidu-Malque River basin. On:. 1. This paper analyses the industry, agriculture and life of the Kaidu-Kongque River basin. The development and utilization of water resources in the Kedu River basin were evaluated by using the water resources load index. The results showed that the counties with unbalanced supply and demand were Yuli County and Kurle City. Yanqi, Bohu. Among them, Korla, Yuli water shortage is large; Yanqi, Bohu water shortage is small; Hejing County, Hesu County has surplus, water resources supply and demand in the basin is basically balanced. For the development and utilization of water resources, from the administrative division, Kaidu-Kongque River basin has 50% counties and cities in 2010. In 2012, it belongs to grade 鈪

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