【摘要】：民用航空規(guī)模的快速增長,導(dǎo)致監(jiān)視信號干擾的大量引入、通信鏈路阻塞和目標多樣性的增加,使得民用空域目標監(jiān)視變得更加困難,民用航空多種目標監(jiān)視問題亟待解決。本文基于廣播式自動相關(guān)監(jiān)視(ADS-B)方法,以協(xié)同目標和非協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視問題為出發(fā)點,對協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視定位與跟蹤、非協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視和復(fù)雜空域中混合目標監(jiān)視方法開展了研究。針對監(jiān)視數(shù)據(jù)完備性缺失和數(shù)據(jù)異常問題,提出了一種多參數(shù)優(yōu)化的自適應(yīng)組合濾波算法。該算法以當前統(tǒng)計模型的Kalman濾波為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合異常值辨識、插值濾波、機動頻率和加速度方差調(diào)整方法,通過優(yōu)化新信息的方差、噪聲方差的機動頻率、速度估計偏差,實現(xiàn)濾波增益、機動頻率與加速度方差的動態(tài)調(diào)整。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提算法能自動識別異常值、平滑目標航跡,相比當前統(tǒng)計模型算法,定位精度更高,實現(xiàn)了目標跟蹤與航跡預(yù)測。針對現(xiàn)有空空監(jiān)視體制中空中防撞系統(tǒng)(TCAS)和ADS-B不能實現(xiàn)非協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視問題,提出了基于隨機BPSK信號調(diào)制、TOA定位模型的ADS-B信道雷達監(jiān)視體制。在自動相關(guān)監(jiān)視體制基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了一種單發(fā)四收的雷達組成模型,優(yōu)化設(shè)計ADS-B信號的發(fā)射脈沖長度并引入隨機BPSK調(diào)制方式,得到一種相異于現(xiàn)有民用航空監(jiān)視技術(shù)的ADS-B信道雷達信號體制。研究了ADS-B信道雷達基于TOA監(jiān)視定位模型,理論計算了ADS-B信道雷達的作用距離,所設(shè)計的信道雷達對民航客機的監(jiān)視距離可達8.3海里,滿足空空監(jiān)視的需求。在初始狀態(tài)未知的條件下,開展了基于粒子濾波的ADS-B信道雷達對空空監(jiān)視目標快速跟蹤問題的研究。通過仿真分析,該算法比EKF收斂速度更快、定位精度更高�；谏鲜鰞蓚�研究成果,針對復(fù)雜環(huán)境中協(xié)同目標和非協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視問題,通過優(yōu)化現(xiàn)有協(xié)同監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)信道參數(shù),增加對非協(xié)同目標監(jiān)視功能基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計一種信道共用的混合監(jiān)視系統(tǒng),提出了基于信道占據(jù)分時控制的混合目標監(jiān)視方法。根據(jù)混合監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)的三子系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視原理,將混合目標監(jiān)視問題轉(zhuǎn)換為各子系統(tǒng)對信道占據(jù)分時復(fù)用的控制問題,推導(dǎo)出信道占據(jù)與發(fā)射占空比數(shù)學(xué)模型,建立最小控制時隙和目標危險系數(shù)表,實現(xiàn)混合目標的監(jiān)視。仿真分析表明,發(fā)射占空比1%典型值條件下,基于信道占據(jù)分時控制方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)協(xié)同和非協(xié)同目標的監(jiān)視。用ADS-B模擬器對本文提出的自適應(yīng)組合濾波算法進行的外場實驗,證明了自適應(yīng)組合濾波能夠提升目標的航跡監(jiān)視性能。通過設(shè)計內(nèi)場實驗,對本文提出的基于信道占據(jù)的分時控制算法進行了驗證,對發(fā)射信道占空比進行分析,實驗結(jié)果表明本文提出的控制方法對混合目標監(jiān)視是有效的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of civil aviation scale, a large number of surveillance signal interference is introduced, communication link blockage and target diversity increase, which makes civil airspace target surveillance more difficult, and many civil aviation target surveillance problems need to be solved. Based on broadcast automatic correlation Surveillance (ADS-B), this paper focuses on cooperative target monitoring and non-cooperative target monitoring. The methods of non-cooperative target monitoring and mixed target monitoring in complex airspace are studied. An adaptive combinatorial filtering algorithm with multi-parameter optimization is proposed to solve the problem of lack of completeness and abnormal data in monitoring data. The algorithm is based on the Kalman filter of the current statistical model, combined with the abnormal value identification, interpolation filter, maneuver frequency and acceleration variance adjustment method, by optimizing the variance of the new information, the maneuvering frequency of noise variance, the velocity estimation deviation. The filter gain, maneuver frequency and acceleration variance are adjusted dynamically. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can automatically identify outliers and smooth the track of the target. Compared with the current statistical model algorithm, the proposed algorithm has higher positioning accuracy and realizes the target tracking and track prediction. Aiming at the problem that the air collision prevention system (TCAS) and ADS-B can not realize the non-cooperative target monitoring in the existing air and air surveillance system, a ADS-B channel radar surveillance scheme based on stochastic BPSK signal modulation and TOA location model is proposed. On the basis of the automatic correlation monitoring system, a single radar model with four receivers is designed to optimize the pulse length of the ADS-B signal and to introduce the random BPSK modulation mode. This paper presents a ADS-B channel radar signal system which is different from the existing civil aviation surveillance technology. The ADS-B channel radar is studied based on the TOA monitoring and positioning model, and the operating range of the ADS-B channel radar is calculated theoretically. The designed channel radar can monitor the passenger aircraft up to 8.3 nautical miles, which can meet the requirements of air and air surveillance. Under the condition that the initial state is unknown, the problem of fast tracking of air-to-air surveillance targets by ADS-B channel radar based on particle filter is studied. The simulation results show that the algorithm converges faster than EKF and has higher positioning accuracy. Based on the above two research results, aiming at the problem of cooperative and non-cooperative target monitoring in complex environment, by optimizing the channel parameters of the existing cooperative surveillance system, we add the function of non-cooperative target monitoring. A hybrid surveillance system for channel sharing is designed, and a hybrid target monitoring method based on channel occupation time division control is proposed. According to the three subsystem monitoring principle of hybrid surveillance system, the problem of hybrid target monitoring is transformed into the control problem of time-sharing multiplexing of channel occupied by each subsystem, and the mathematical model of channel occupation and transmit duty cycle is derived. A table of minimum control slot and target hazard coefficient is established to monitor mixed targets. The simulation results show that the channel occupied time-sharing control method can realize the monitoring of cooperative and non-cooperative targets under the typical value of 1% duty cycle. The outfield experiment of the adaptive combined filtering algorithm proposed in this paper is carried out by using ADS-B simulator. It is proved that the adaptive combined filter can improve the track monitoring performance of the target. The proposed time-sharing control algorithm based on channel occupation is verified by designing an inner-field experiment, and the duty cycle of the transmission channel is analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed control method is effective for hybrid target monitoring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：V355.1;TP277

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 關(guān)偉鵬;吳玉香;文尚勝;陳穎聰;陳昊;;基于CDMA調(diào)制的可見光通信室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)的研究[J];光學(xué)學(xué)報;2016年11期

2 張濤;唐小明;宋洪良;;一種ADS-B報頭互相關(guān)檢測方法[J];電訊技術(shù);2016年02期

3 王旭東;胡晴晴;吳楠;;高精度室內(nèi)可見光定位算法[J];光電子·激光;2015年05期

4 顏可壹;呂澤均;時宏偉;張濤;王喜梅;;基于TDOA/TSOA的ADS-B系統(tǒng)防欺騙技術(shù)[J];計算機應(yīng)用研究;2015年08期

5 賈浩正;;抗野值的航跡數(shù)據(jù)Kalman濾波[J];測控技術(shù);2014年09期

6 劉萍;倪育德;馬宇申;;ADS-BINCPR編解碼仿真及同頻干擾研究[J];現(xiàn)代導(dǎo)航;2013年05期

7 徐亞軍;何桂萍;;基于當前統(tǒng)計模型的TCAS/ADS-B組合監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)融合算法[J];電訊技術(shù);2013年09期

8 何青益;李紅偉;;基于EKF的時差定位算法[J];艦船電子對抗;2013年03期

9 趙崧;陳嬌;肖希;;對航管二次雷達干擾現(xiàn)象的分析[J];艦船電子工程;2013年05期

10 范寧松;夏達;任治國;;一種空管S波段30kW固態(tài)發(fā)射機的設(shè)計[J];現(xiàn)代雷達;2013年04期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前9條

1 劉明;海雜波中微弱運動目標自適應(yīng)檢測方法研究[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2016年

2 田威;復(fù)雜環(huán)境下多傳感器航跡關(guān)聯(lián)與抗差處理[D];清華大學(xué);2014年

3 尤國紅;無線定位中波達方向與時延估計研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2013年

4 宮淑麗;機場場面移動目標監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2012年

5 劉學(xué);機載無源定位技術(shù)與跟蹤算法研究[D];哈爾濱工程大學(xué);2012年

6 陶誠;高級場面運動引導(dǎo)控制及仿真平臺研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2011年

7 周紅平;雷達信號處理若干關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究[D];中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2010年

8 黃友澎;多傳感器多目標航跡相關(guān)與數(shù)據(jù)合成若干關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];哈爾濱工程大學(xué);2009年

9 張正明;輻射源無源定位研究[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2000年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 陳庚;基于十字陣列的ADS-B多類干擾抑制算法研究[D];中國民航大學(xué);2016年

2 唐錢勝;基于LED通信的室內(nèi)定位方法研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2016年

3 賈吉萍;基于AIS系統(tǒng)的自主定位算法研究與實現(xiàn)[D];大連海事大學(xué);2015年

4 張濤;蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于TDOA的無線定位算法研究[D];北京郵電大學(xué);2013年

5 支旭東;ADS-B與SSR監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)對比分析與研究[D];中國民用航空飛行學(xué)院;2012年

6 胡曼;基于ADS-B的飛行航跡處理與濾波[D];電子科技大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號：2417539