本文選題：筒形測(cè)力傳感器 + 軸向力��； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中水泵的應(yīng)用十分普遍,其中影響水泵平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵因素是水泵泵軸的性能。水泵的內(nèi)部機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)屬于流體結(jié)構(gòu)。在運(yùn)行過程中,葉輪前后的流體壓力差會(huì)在泵軸上產(chǎn)生軸向上的推力。當(dāng)軸向推力過大,超出水泵承受范圍時(shí),會(huì)影響水泵的使用壽命。另外,由于葉片和泵軸的安裝偏差及加工過程中幾何中心與重心不重合而產(chǎn)生的離心力,該離心力即為水泵轉(zhuǎn)子的徑向力。當(dāng)徑向力超過泵軸承受范圍時(shí),會(huì)帶來葉輪劃膛,軸承磨損等問題。相比常見的定子端安裝傳感器,測(cè)量水泵軸向力與徑向力的方法,由于筒形測(cè)力傳感器安裝在水泵轉(zhuǎn)子(泵軸)上,因此減少了力由轉(zhuǎn)子傳遞到定子過程中的損耗,測(cè)量結(jié)果更準(zhǔn)確。通過查閱相應(yīng)文獻(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)前人沒有使用過類似的測(cè)量方法,由于沒有可以借鑒的方案,很多技術(shù)與細(xì)節(jié)問題需要克服。測(cè)量過程中筒形測(cè)力傳感器與水泵轉(zhuǎn)子一起作高速旋轉(zhuǎn)。為了防止引線纏繞,將數(shù)據(jù)采集板、鋰電池和防水密封等部件都組裝到筒形彈性元件內(nèi)部。水泵機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊內(nèi)部空間小,限制了筒形測(cè)力傳感器機(jī)械尺寸,因此數(shù)據(jù)采集板器件密度高布線困難。本文針對(duì)水泵軸向力與徑向力產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行分析;對(duì)筒形測(cè)力傳感器工作原理以及數(shù)據(jù)采集板的設(shè)計(jì)做出詳細(xì)的分析與說明;對(duì)模擬水泵實(shí)際運(yùn)行測(cè)試試驗(yàn)的過程做出詳細(xì)的闡述。在拉力機(jī)上對(duì)筒形測(cè)力傳感器軸向力的量程、線性度、靈敏度;徑向力的量程、線性度和靈敏度等傳感器的靜態(tài)參數(shù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定。通過電機(jī)拖動(dòng)筒形測(cè)力傳感器旋轉(zhuǎn),獲得傳感器模擬水泵實(shí)際運(yùn)行的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)。經(jīng)傅里葉變換得到信號(hào)幅頻特性曲線,對(duì)采集獲得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行頻譜特性分析,確定噪聲頻率成份與電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速相關(guān)。為排除電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速及其多次諧波成份的干擾,應(yīng)用MATLAB軟件采用均值濾波的方法,提取出有效數(shù)據(jù)。將檢測(cè)獲得的有效數(shù)據(jù)與靜態(tài)標(biāo)定的數(shù)據(jù)作對(duì)比,得到相同載荷下模擬水泵實(shí)際運(yùn)行測(cè)試結(jié)果與靜態(tài)標(biāo)定結(jié)果的滿度相對(duì)誤差。
[Abstract]:The application of pump is very common in modern society, among which the key factor affecting the smooth operation of pump is the performance of pump shaft. The internal mechanical structure of the pump belongs to a fluid structure. During operation, the fluid pressure difference between the impeller and the impeller will produce axial thrust on the pump shaft. When the axial thrust is too large, it will affect the service life of the pump. In addition, the centrifugal force is the radial force of the pump rotor because of the installation deviation of the blade and the pump shaft and the centrifugal force caused by the non-coincidence of the geometric center and the center of gravity in the machining process. When the radial force exceeds the bearing range of the pump shaft, it will bring problems such as impeller bore, bearing wear and so on. Compared with the usual stator end sensor, the method of measuring the axial and radial forces of the pump reduces the loss of the force transfer from the rotor to the stator because the cylindrical force sensor is installed on the pump rotor (pump shaft). The measurement results are more accurate. By referring to the relevant literature, it is found that previous people have not used similar measurement methods, and many technical and detailed problems need to be overcome because there are no plans to be used for reference. In the process of measurement, the cylindrical force sensor rotates with the pump rotor at high speed. To prevent wire winding, components such as data acquisition board, lithium battery and waterproof seal are assembled inside the cylindrical elastic element. The compact internal space of the pump is small, which limits the mechanical size of the cylindrical force sensor, so it is difficult to arrange the high density of the data acquisition board. In this paper, the causes of axial force and radial force of water pump are analyzed, the working principle of cylindrical force sensor and the design of data acquisition board are analyzed and explained in detail. The process of testing and testing the simulated pump is described in detail. The measurement range, linearity and sensitivity of axial force, the measurement range of radial force, linearity and sensitivity of the sensor are calibrated on the tension machine, and the static parameters of the sensor, such as the range of radial force, the linearity and the sensitivity of the sensor, are calibrated. By rotating the cylinder force sensor by the motor, the test data of the sensor simulating the actual operation of the pump are obtained. The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the signal is obtained by Fourier transform. The spectrum characteristic of the acquired data is analyzed and the correlation between the frequency component of noise and the speed of motor is determined. In order to eliminate the interference of motor rotational speed and its multi-harmonic components, the effective data are extracted by using the method of mean filter using MATLAB software. By comparing the effective data obtained from the test with the static calibration data, the relative error between the actual operating test results and the static calibration results of the simulated pump under the same load is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2048728