本文選題：壓力測(cè)試 + 管道特性��； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)國(guó)防裝備性能的大幅提升,對(duì)武器系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試也提出了新的要求。為了使裝甲車(chē)、坦克等具備更出色的機(jī)動(dòng)性,滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)代化戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的需要,對(duì)動(dòng)力艙內(nèi)的熱平衡參數(shù)的獲取顯得尤為重要。由于動(dòng)力艙內(nèi)空間有限且溫度較高,因此需要采用管道引壓的方式對(duì)艙內(nèi)壓力進(jìn)行測(cè)量,但是脈動(dòng)壓力信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)管道后產(chǎn)生較大擾動(dòng),導(dǎo)致壓力信號(hào)發(fā)生畸變,本文針對(duì)此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了一系列理論分析及實(shí)驗(yàn)探究。從電傳輸線理論入手分析得出了流體在管道內(nèi)傳輸?shù)幕痉匠?確定了輸入與輸出端參數(shù)的關(guān)系式,并且采用閉端管路模型計(jì)算了在動(dòng)力艙項(xiàng)目中使用管路系統(tǒng)的諧振頻率。其次,設(shè)計(jì)了基于單頻正弦脈動(dòng)壓力源的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,探究長(zhǎng)度、彈性模量、直徑等參量對(duì)壓力管道動(dòng)態(tài)特性的影響。同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了基于SOPC的數(shù)據(jù)采集存儲(chǔ)模塊、壓力傳感單元的模塊,成功構(gòu)建了脈動(dòng)壓力測(cè)試系統(tǒng),并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)討論了復(fù)雜管路的線性特征。在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了頻域修正算法對(duì)畸變信號(hào)進(jìn)行修正,編寫(xiě)Matlab修正程序,并且利用單頻脈動(dòng)壓力及坦克實(shí)測(cè)風(fēng)壓數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)修正算法效果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:長(zhǎng)度是影響管道特性最主要的因素;動(dòng)力艙項(xiàng)目中用的管道線性特征良好;編寫(xiě)的基于Matlab的頻域修正程序能夠完成對(duì)畸變信號(hào)的修正。此外,結(jié)合工程實(shí)踐對(duì)合理利用管道特性及修正方法做出討論。1)提出了在測(cè)量微小壓力信號(hào)時(shí)利用管道的動(dòng)態(tài)特性提高測(cè)量信噪比的思想,并且借助于帶通濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)思路,分析了管道選取的基本規(guī)則。2)分析了在云爆測(cè)試中利用管道引壓方式減小強(qiáng)光高溫對(duì)傳感器敏感元件影響的可能,并指出了選取管道應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的方面。3)提出了利用頻域修正法提高帶有容腔和管道的壓力傳感器的頻響特性的設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of defense equipment performance in China, new requirements are put forward for weapon system test. In order to make the armored vehicle and tank have better mobility and meet the needs of modern war, it is very important to obtain the heat balance parameters in the power cabin. Because of the limited space and high temperature in the power cabin, it is necessary to measure the pressure in the cabin by the way of pipe-induced pressure, but the pulsating pressure signal is disturbed after passing through the pipeline, which leads to the distortion of the pressure signal. In this paper, a series of theoretical analysis and experimental research are carried out to solve this problem. Based on the theory of electric transmission line, the basic equation of fluid transmission in pipeline is obtained, the relation between input and output parameters is determined, and the resonant frequency of pipeline system used in power cabin project is calculated by using closed end pipeline model. Secondly, the experimental scheme based on single frequency sinusoidal pulsating pressure source is designed to explore the influence of the parameters such as length, modulus of elasticity and diameter on the dynamic characteristics of pressure pipeline. At the same time, the data acquisition and storage module based on SOPC and the module of pressure sensing unit are designed. The pulse pressure measurement system is successfully constructed, and the linear characteristics of complex pipeline are discussed through experiments. On this basis, the frequency domain correction algorithm is designed to correct the distortion signal, and the Matlab correction program is written, and the effect of the correction algorithm is verified by using the single frequency pulsating pressure and the measured wind pressure data of the tank. The experimental results show that the length is the most important factor affecting the pipeline characteristics, the linear characteristics of the pipeline used in the power cabin project are good, and the frequency domain correction program based on Matlab can correct the distortion signal. In addition, combining with engineering practice, the rational use of pipeline characteristics and modification methods are discussed. 1) the idea of using the dynamic characteristics of pipelines to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when measuring small pressure signals is put forward, and the design idea of band-pass filter is used. This paper analyzes the basic rule of pipeline selection. 2) the possibility of reducing the influence of high light and high temperature on the sensor sensitive elements by the way of pipeline pressure in cloud explosion test is analyzed. The paper also points out the aspects that should be paid attention to in selecting pipeline. (3) the idea of using frequency-domain correction method to improve the frequency response characteristics of pressure sensors with cavities and pipes is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TJ810.6;TP212;TP274

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