本文選題：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 地理位置路由��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)由傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)組成,節(jié)點(diǎn)之間通過(guò)路由進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸。然而,傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)微小,易受資源約束,因此建立能量高效的路由協(xié)議顯得十分必要。地理位置路由協(xié)議利用位置信息來(lái)避免數(shù)據(jù)的洪泛傳播,從而減少了路由開(kāi)銷。本文從能量均衡的角度出發(fā),提出基于雙閾值和夾角的改進(jìn)GPSR算法(IGPSR)和基于貪婪轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和能量梯度的改進(jìn)GAF算法(IGAF)。從平面路由的角度,IGPSR算法利用雙閾值對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量等級(jí)進(jìn)行劃分,讓處于低能量的節(jié)點(diǎn)只負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)據(jù)的收集。在路由建立的過(guò)程中,選擇能量較高且偏移角較小的節(jié)點(diǎn)作為下一跳;在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)倪^(guò)程中,啟動(dòng)能量保護(hù)策略,對(duì)路由上能量較低的節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行替換,從而保護(hù)低能量節(jié)點(diǎn)。仿真結(jié)果表明,與GPSR相比,IGPSR降低了網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存周期。從層次路由的角度,IGAF算法采用優(yōu)化分簇和簇頭選舉的方法,降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量損失。通過(guò)優(yōu)化分簇,簇頭之間可以采用貪婪轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的方式進(jìn)行無(wú)線通信,減少簇頭與目的節(jié)點(diǎn)的傳輸距離;簇頭選舉時(shí),考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量信息,提高高能量的節(jié)點(diǎn)選為簇頭的概率,減少低能量節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量消耗;并且當(dāng)簇頭的能量小于能量閾值時(shí),重新選舉簇頭。仿真結(jié)果表明,與GAF相比,IGAF均衡了網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存周期得到了提高。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks are composed of sensor nodes, which transmit data by routing between nodes. However, sensor nodes are small and vulnerable to resource constraints, so it is necessary to establish energy-efficient routing protocols. Geographical location routing protocol uses location information to avoid data flooding and thus reduces routing overhead. This paper presents an improved GPSR algorithm based on double thresholds and angles and an improved GAF algorithm based on greedy forwarding and energy gradient from the point of view of energy balance. From the point of view of planar routing, IGPSR classifies the energy level of nodes by using double thresholds, so that the nodes in low energy are only responsible for data collection. In the process of route establishment, the node with high energy and small offset angle is chosen as the next hop; in the process of data transmission, the energy protection strategy is initiated to replace the node with lower energy on the route, so as to protect the low energy node. The simulation results show that compared with GPSR, the network energy consumption is reduced and the lifetime of the network is improved. From the point of view of hierarchical routing, the IGAF algorithm adopts the method of optimizing clustering and cluster head election to reduce the energy loss of the network. By optimizing clustering, the wireless communication between cluster heads can be carried out by greedy forwarding, and the transmission distance between cluster heads and destination nodes can be reduced. When cluster heads are elected, the energy information of nodes is considered to improve the probability of high energy nodes being selected as cluster heads. The energy consumption of the low energy node is reduced, and when the energy of the cluster head is less than the energy threshold, the cluster head is re-elected. The simulation results show that compared with GAF, the network energy consumption is balanced and the lifetime of the network is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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