本文選題：溶劑萃取 + 串口服務(wù)器　； 參考：《安徽理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是以煤炭為主的能源消耗大國,能源資源的總量大,但人均占有量少。對能源的需求以及國際上對溫室氣體排放的限制,迫使我們尋找清潔、高效的新能源。由于受到地域、技術(shù)以及生態(tài)保護的約束,一些新能源不能從根本上改變我國能源短缺問題的現(xiàn)狀。我國核能的利用占比小、核電技術(shù)成熟,鈾等核資源豐富,且核能發(fā)電無污染、無溫室氣體,能夠滿足我國對能源的需求。采用溶劑萃取的原理,設(shè)計16級萃取、8級反萃的實驗室用混合澄清槽系統(tǒng),通過它建立可靠技術(shù)的小批量鈾分離工藝可以為鈾驅(qū)動反應(yīng)堆所需燃料的提取打下基礎(chǔ)。科學的混合澄清槽結(jié)構(gòu)和溶劑以及合理準確的供液流量和攪拌速度是提取高純度鈾的關(guān)鍵。本混合澄清槽控制系統(tǒng)使用分布式的結(jié)構(gòu),只要在組態(tài)王開發(fā)的上位機進行操作,就可以對整個系統(tǒng)的各個組成部分進行管理、控制,它還能對系統(tǒng)運行數(shù)據(jù)進行存儲、打印以方便工作人員對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析;數(shù)據(jù)的讀取、命令的下發(fā)等遠程控制功能都是通過以太網(wǎng)傳輸層實現(xiàn)的;而串口服務(wù)器的使用實現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)場不同設(shè)備的組網(wǎng)以及和傳送層的通信,是傳輸層和現(xiàn)場層連接的紐帶。整個系統(tǒng)主要分為流量控制部分和攪拌電機轉(zhuǎn)速控制部分。恒流泵、流量反饋、上位機組成流量控制系統(tǒng),PLC采集流量計的模擬量并以自由口通信的方式反饋流量值,其實現(xiàn)的控制核心思想是PID控制。上位機、攪拌電機及其控制器組成攪拌轉(zhuǎn)速控制系統(tǒng),攪拌電機控制器使用MODBUS協(xié)議通信,其實現(xiàn)的控制核心思想是PID和PWM波控制。在系統(tǒng)交付上海某研究后,我們對使用人員就系統(tǒng)的使用方法進行了培訓。使用人員很快就能掌握設(shè)備的使用方法,還能通過監(jiān)控界面對整個工藝過程有充分的了解。系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)存儲、查詢、打印功能滿足了實驗后對數(shù)據(jù)整理、分析的要求;系統(tǒng)精確的控制和友好的人機界面也得到了使用人員的肯定。在系統(tǒng)交付使用至今已有3年時間,期間沒有出現(xiàn)問題,可見此混合澄清槽系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性非常好。
[Abstract]:China is a large energy consuming country with coal as the main source of energy, the total amount of energy resources is large, but the per capita possession is small. Demand for energy and international restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions force us to look for clean and efficient new sources of energy. Due to the constraints of region, technology and ecological protection, some new energy sources can not fundamentally change the current situation of energy shortage in China. The utilization of nuclear energy in China is small, the nuclear power technology is mature, the nuclear resources such as uranium are abundant, and the nuclear power generation is non-polluting and no greenhouse gas, which can meet the energy demand of our country. Based on the principle of solvent extraction, a laboratory mixed clarifier system for 16 stage extraction and 8 stage reverse extraction was designed. A reliable small batch separation process of uranium can be used to lay the foundation for the extraction of the fuel required for the uranium driven reactor. Scientific mixing clarifier structure, solvent, and reasonable and accurate flow rate and stirring rate are the key to extract highly enriched uranium. The mixed clarification slot control system uses a distributed structure. As long as it is operated on the upper computer developed by Kingview, it can manage and control all parts of the whole system, and it can also store the running data of the system. The remote control functions, such as reading data, sending commands and so on, are realized by Ethernet transport layer. The serial port server realizes the networking of different equipments and the communication between the transmission layer and the transmission layer, which is the link between the transmission layer and the field layer. The whole system is mainly divided into flow control part and stirring motor speed control part. The flow control system composed of constant flow pump, flow feedback and upper computer collects the analog quantity of Flowmeter and feedback the flow value by free port communication. The core idea of the control is PID control. The control system of stirring speed is composed of upper computer, stirring motor and its controller. The MODBUS protocol is used to communicate with the controller of stirring motor. The core idea of the control is PID and PWM wave control. After delivery of the system to a study in Shanghai, we trained the users on how to use the system. Users can quickly master the use of the equipment, and through the monitoring interface to fully understand the process. The functions of data storage, query and printing meet the requirements of data collation and analysis after experiment, and the precise control and friendly man-machine interface of the system are also affirmed by the users. It has been 3 years since the system was put into use. There is no problem during this period. It can be seen that the stability of the mixed clarifier system is very good.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273

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