本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)采集 + 通道擴(kuò)展��； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,新型的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)正在朝著結(jié)構(gòu)微型化、功能通用化、通道可擴(kuò)展的方向發(fā)展。堆疊式微型數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)基于微型結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),具備配置靈活、通道易擴(kuò)展的突出特點(diǎn),能實(shí)時(shí)采集和存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備工作過程中的振動(dòng)、沖擊、壓力、應(yīng)變和溫度等信息。在車輛安全測試、航天試驗(yàn)分析、安全器械研發(fā)等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論文針對堆疊式微型數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求,從系統(tǒng)指標(biāo)分析和總體設(shè)計(jì)方案出發(fā),對采集系統(tǒng)的硬件電路和FPGA控制邏輯進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。主要完成了以下幾個(gè)方面的工作:(1)首先設(shè)計(jì)了橋式傳感器接口電路和前端程控放大、程控濾波等電路,能根據(jù)上位機(jī)寫入的程控參數(shù)完成信號(hào)調(diào)理設(shè)置。完成了芯片選型和電路原理圖繪制。針對3路獨(dú)立ADC設(shè)計(jì)了同步采集電路,采用異步FIFO對各通道采集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行緩存和編幀。(2)針對采集系統(tǒng)可靈活配置采集模塊數(shù)量,擴(kuò)展采集通道的設(shè)計(jì)要求,從優(yōu)化物理接口和可靠通信的角度出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)了以M-LVDS接口為基礎(chǔ)的多點(diǎn)互聯(lián)總線通信鏈路,對M-LVDS多點(diǎn)通信技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析說明,并對數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊和控制模塊之間的指令與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸幀格式進(jìn)行了規(guī)定和校驗(yàn)。(3)使用Verilog語言編寫了各控制模塊的邏輯程序,使用Modelsim軟件對各模塊進(jìn)行了功能仿真和時(shí)序分析。最后為采集系統(tǒng)搭建了系統(tǒng)測試平臺(tái),使用Chip Scope軟件完成邏輯程序的板級(jí)調(diào)試,使用相關(guān)儀器對調(diào)理電路進(jìn)行測試分析,并通過上位機(jī)軟件對采集系統(tǒng)的指令和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸性能進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。測試結(jié)果表明本課題設(shè)計(jì)的堆疊式微型數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)各項(xiàng)功能正常,可通過上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)置各通道增益系數(shù)、濾波參數(shù)以及采樣率。能根據(jù)用戶需求靈活配置采集模塊數(shù)量,擴(kuò)展采集通道。采集模塊與控制模塊之間數(shù)據(jù)傳輸穩(wěn)定,帶寬符合要求。系統(tǒng)整體性能良好,具有工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:At present, the new data acquisition system is developing towards structure miniaturization, function generalization and channel extensibility. The stacked micro data acquisition system is designed on the basis of micro structure. It has the outstanding features of flexible configuration and easy expansion of channels. It can collect and store the information of vibration, shock, pressure, strain and temperature in the working process of the equipment in real time. It has important practical significance in vehicle safety test, spaceflight test analysis, safety instrument research and development and so on. According to the design requirements of stacked micro data acquisition system, the hardware circuit and FPGA control logic of the collection system are introduced in detail from the system index analysis and the overall design scheme. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) first of all, the bridge sensor interface circuit and the front-end programmable amplifier and program-controlled filter circuits are designed, which can adjust and set the signal according to the programmed control parameters written by the upper computer. Chip selection and circuit schematic drawing are completed. A synchronous acquisition circuit is designed for three independent ADC channels. The asynchronous FIFO is used to cache and frame the data collected in each channel. For the acquisition system, the number of acquisition modules can be configured flexibly, and the design requirements of the acquisition channels can be expanded. From the point of view of optimizing physical interface and reliable communication, the communication link of multi-point interconnection bus based on M-LVDS interface is designed, and the M-LVDS multipoint communication technology is analyzed and explained. The instruction and data transmission frame format between the data acquisition module and the control module are defined and verified. The logic program of each control module is compiled with Verilog language, and the function simulation and timing analysis of each module are carried out by using Modelsim software. Finally, the system testing platform is built for the acquisition system. The logic program is debugged at the board level by using Chip Scope software, and the conditioning circuit is tested and analyzed by relevant instruments. The command and data transmission performance of the acquisition system is verified by the upper computer software. The test results show that the stack microdata acquisition system designed in this paper has normal functions and can be used to set the gain coefficient, filter parameters and sampling rate of each channel through the upper computer software. Can flexibly configure the number of acquisition modules according to user needs, and expand the collection channel. The data transmission between the acquisition module and the control module is stable and the bandwidth meets the requirements. The overall performance of the system is good and has engineering application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP274.2

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