本文選題：再熱汽溫 + 廣義預(yù)測控制��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電力行業(yè)的發(fā)展,大容量、高參數(shù)的火電機(jī)組所占比例越來越大,對(duì)其控制品質(zhì)提出了更高的要求。為了提高超臨界機(jī)組的循環(huán)熱效率,超臨界機(jī)組廣泛采用中間再熱系統(tǒng),將汽輪機(jī)高壓缸的排汽再一次加熱至高溫,然后再送到中、低壓缸膨脹做功。將電站鍋爐再熱蒸汽溫度控制在允許的范圍內(nèi),是提高發(fā)電機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、保證機(jī)組安全運(yùn)行的不可缺少的環(huán)節(jié)。然而由于火力發(fā)電生產(chǎn)過程的特殊性和蒸汽管道構(gòu)造的復(fù)雜性,對(duì)再熱蒸汽溫度對(duì)象的控制比較困難。尤其當(dāng)主蒸汽流量大幅度變化時(shí),再熱汽溫更難以控制。而現(xiàn)有的鍋爐再熱汽溫控制策略仍存在一定的局限性和缺陷,難以達(dá)到理想效果。本文在總結(jié)前人工作的基礎(chǔ)上,主要將廣義預(yù)測控制算法引入到再熱汽溫的控制中做進(jìn)一步的研究。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容包括如下兩個(gè)方面:(1)控制算法方面:在常規(guī)串級(jí)PID算法的基礎(chǔ)上引入比例積分型GPC算法,形成比例積分型GPC-PID算法。廣義預(yù)測控制具有多步預(yù)測、滾動(dòng)優(yōu)化和反饋校正三個(gè)基本特征,能有效地克服被控對(duì)象的遲延、不確定性和時(shí)變性等因素的動(dòng)態(tài)影響,從而能更好的實(shí)現(xiàn)控制目標(biāo)并使系統(tǒng)有較強(qiáng)的穩(wěn)定性和魯棒性。(2)邏輯切換方面:設(shè)計(jì)一種再熱汽溫的煙氣側(cè)和蒸汽側(cè)聯(lián)合廣義預(yù)測控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩種調(diào)節(jié)手段的平滑、無擾切換且在任意時(shí)刻只需要一種調(diào)節(jié)方式。最后,將該方法應(yīng)用到鍋爐燃燒器擺角—再熱汽溫的對(duì)象模型中。仿真結(jié)果表明:本文設(shè)計(jì)的基于廣義預(yù)測控制的鍋爐再熱汽溫具有很好的控制效果,提高了機(jī)組的熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性,避免了常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)的控制方法所帶來的一系列不良問題。
[Abstract]:With the development of power industry, the proportion of large capacity and high parameter thermal power units is increasing. In order to improve the circulating heat efficiency of the supercritical unit, the intermediate reheat system is widely used in the supercritical unit. The exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is heated to high temperature again, and then sent to the middle and low pressure cylinder to do the work. It is necessary to control the reheat steam temperature of utility boiler within the allowable range to improve the economic benefit of the generating set and to ensure the safe operation of the unit. However, because of the particularity of thermal power production process and the complexity of steam pipeline construction, it is difficult to control the reheat steam temperature object. Especially when the main steam flow rate changes greatly, the reheat steam temperature is more difficult to control. However, the existing boiler reheat steam temperature control strategy still has some limitations and defects, so it is difficult to achieve ideal results. On the basis of summarizing the previous work, this paper mainly introduces the generalized predictive control algorithm into the control of reheat steam temperature for further study. The main contents of this paper include the following two aspects: on the basis of the conventional cascade PID algorithm, the proportional integral GPC algorithm is introduced to form the proportional integral GPC-PID algorithm. Generalized predictive control (GPC) has three basic features: multistep prediction, rolling optimization and feedback correction, which can effectively overcome the dynamic effects of delay, uncertainty and time-varying of the controlled object. Thus it can better realize the control goal and make the system have strong stability and robustness. In the aspect of logic switching, a combined generalized predictive control of flue gas side and steam side of reheat steam temperature is designed, which realizes the smoothing of two regulation methods. No disturbance switching and only one adjustment mode is required at any time. Finally, the method is applied to the object model of boiler burner wobble angle and reheat steam temperature. The simulation results show that the boiler reheat steam temperature designed in this paper based on generalized predictive control has a good control effect, improves the thermal economy of the unit, and avoids a series of bad problems caused by the conventional control method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM621.2;TP273

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本文編號(hào)：1829465