本文選題：氫原子鐘 + 氫原子束流量　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：氫原子鐘的長期頻率穩(wěn)定度主要受限于系統(tǒng)效應(yīng),包括氫原子束流量的變化、腔牽引效應(yīng)、壁移和二級多普勒效應(yīng)等;短期穩(wěn)定度則通常取決于系統(tǒng)的基本熱噪聲。為進(jìn)一步提高氫原子鐘的頻率穩(wěn)定度,必須考慮各個(gè)方面的影響并加以改善。本文通過分析氫原子束流量對氫鐘頻率穩(wěn)定度的影響,提出應(yīng)將流量的變化水平限制在5%以內(nèi),并為此設(shè)計(jì)了流量控制系統(tǒng)。本文首先分析了氫原子鐘內(nèi)真空系統(tǒng)的氣體流動(dòng)特性,提出可將氫原子束流量的測量轉(zhuǎn)換為對系統(tǒng)真空度的測量。對比各種真空測量方法后,系統(tǒng)采用熱傳導(dǎo)真空計(jì)的原理測量真空度,并做出了論證。最后,論文在真空度檢測的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),通過調(diào)節(jié)鈀銀合金管的加熱功率,實(shí)現(xiàn)對氫原子束流量的控制。系統(tǒng)首先設(shè)計(jì)了氫原子束流量測量電路,選用C8051fl21 MCU作為核心控制器,并設(shè)計(jì)了環(huán)境溫度檢測模塊、流量給定模塊、PWM控制的加熱模塊、數(shù)據(jù)通信模塊和電源模塊等相關(guān)電路。繼而設(shè)計(jì)了流量控制軟件,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的采集和處理,以及單片機(jī)與上位機(jī)的通信等功能。實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺搭建完成后,系統(tǒng)對比普通的PID控制算法,選擇了Dahlin算法作為控制算法,并確定了Dahlin數(shù)字控制器的控制參數(shù)和控制流程。最后設(shè)計(jì)和執(zhí)行了一系列氫原子束流量控制實(shí)驗(yàn)以評估系統(tǒng)的控制性能。實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明,系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)氫原子束流量調(diào)節(jié)功能,控制精度優(yōu)于99.56%,相對穩(wěn)定度優(yōu)于2%,重復(fù)性好,可達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The long-term frequency stability of hydrogen clock is mainly limited by the system effect, including the variation of hydrogen beam flux, cavity traction effect, wall shift and second-order Doppler effect, etc. The short-term stability is usually determined by the basic thermal noise of the system.In order to further improve the frequency stability of hydrogen atomic clock, all aspects must be considered and improved.Based on the analysis of the effect of hydrogen atomic beam flow rate on the frequency stability of hydrogen clock, it is proposed that the flow rate should be limited to less than 5%, and a flow control system is designed for this purpose.In this paper, the gas flow characteristics of a vacuum system in a hydrogen atom clock are analyzed, and it is proposed that the measurement of hydrogen atom beam flow can be converted into a measurement of the vacuum degree of the system.After comparing various vacuum measurement methods, the system uses the principle of heat conduction vacuum gauge to measure the vacuum degree, and makes a demonstration.Finally, a closed-loop control system is designed on the basis of vacuum measurement. By adjusting the heating power of the Pd-Ag alloy tube, the flow rate of hydrogen atom beam can be controlled.Firstly, the circuit of hydrogen atom beam flow measurement is designed, and C8051fl21 MCU is selected as the core controller. The environmental temperature detection module, the flow given module, the PWM controlled heating module, the data communication module and the power supply module are designed.Then the flow control software is designed to realize the data acquisition and processing, as well as the communication between MCU and host computer.After the construction of the experimental platform, the system compares the common PID control algorithm, selects the Dahlin algorithm as the control algorithm, and determines the control parameters and control flow of the Dahlin digital controller.Finally, a series of hydrogen beam flow control experiments are designed and implemented to evaluate the control performance of the system.The experimental data show that the system can realize the function of hydrogen atom beam flow regulation, the control precision is better than 99.56, the relative stability is better than 2, the repeatability is good, and the design goal can be achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP273;TM935.115

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本文編號：1773686