本文選題：軸封泵　切入點：動態(tài)性能　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：泵動態(tài)性能測試技術(shù)對于泵基礎(chǔ)理論的研究和發(fā)展、性能的改進(jìn)與其設(shè)計方法的完善都顯得尤為重要,泵性能試驗系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計研究已經(jīng)成為工業(yè)泵類行業(yè)的焦點之一。目前,我國自主研發(fā)的泵性能試驗系統(tǒng)還存在精度低、實時性差和可靠性低的問題,很多還是傳統(tǒng)的半自動化形式,與國外相比,技術(shù)水平相對落后。本文首先介紹了核電行業(yè)軸封泵動態(tài)特性系統(tǒng)的需求問題,以及泵動態(tài)性能參數(shù)檢測技術(shù)的現(xiàn)有科研成果。軸封泵原理及試驗部分著重分析了泵性能試驗、汽蝕實驗的原理,總結(jié)了揚程、流量、軸功率等的測試原理與方法。系統(tǒng)采用將PID控制和模糊控制相結(jié)合的方法,構(gòu)建一種模糊PID算法,應(yīng)用在流量控制系統(tǒng)中。泵性能參數(shù)檢測系統(tǒng)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)基于虛擬儀器平臺,構(gòu)建了能夠滿足實際試驗需求的軸封泵動態(tài)性能試驗系統(tǒng)。其中硬件結(jié)構(gòu)方面使用NI 9188XT系列數(shù)據(jù)微處理系統(tǒng),其內(nèi)置信號調(diào)理電路,由傳感器輸出的信號經(jīng)過信號調(diào)理電路,進(jìn)入NI 9000系列數(shù)據(jù)采集卡,最終導(dǎo)入工控機(jī),進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的采集和處理。試驗系統(tǒng)的軟件部分設(shè)計了LabVIEW程序主面板程序、數(shù)據(jù)采集、試驗數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計等子程序。采用數(shù)字濾波法來提高泵性能參數(shù)的檢測精度、采集穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。因系統(tǒng)采集的信號離散化較高,故采用基于最小二乘法的分段三次曲線擬合方法實現(xiàn),得到動態(tài)特性圖。針對流量控制環(huán)節(jié)具有的非線性、時變性與不定性等控制難點,軸封泵試驗系統(tǒng)采用模糊PID流量控制子程序,針對軸封泵變工況條件下的流量進(jìn)行實時監(jiān)測與控制。試驗系統(tǒng)整體能夠完成實時在線監(jiān)測與顯示軸封泵回路參數(shù)、變工況條件下的參數(shù)設(shè)定和流量控制、試驗動態(tài)曲線生成和試驗數(shù)據(jù)存儲與調(diào)用等功能。系統(tǒng)采樣速率初值設(shè)定為1000次每秒,測試精度達(dá)到0.1%的技術(shù)需求。經(jīng)Matlab仿真試驗結(jié)果表明,軸封泵試驗系統(tǒng)的流量控制具有超調(diào)量小、穩(wěn)定性好、響應(yīng)速度快的特點。
[Abstract]:The testing technology of pump dynamic performance is very important for the research and development of pump basic theory, the improvement of performance and the perfection of design method. The design and research of pump performance test system has become one of the focuses of industrial pump industry.At present, the self-developed pump performance test system in China still has the problems of low precision, poor real-time and low reliability. Many of them are still traditional semi-automation, compared with foreign countries, the technical level is relatively backward.This paper first introduces the demand of shaft seal pump dynamic characteristic system in nuclear power industry, and the existing scientific research results of pump dynamic performance parameter detection technology.The principle and test part of shaft seal pump mainly analyzes the principle of pump performance test and cavitation test, and summarizes the measuring principle and method of head, flow rate and shaft power etc.By combining PID control with fuzzy control, a fuzzy PID algorithm is constructed and applied to the flow control system.Based on the virtual instrument platform, the whole structure of the pump performance testing system is constructed, which can meet the needs of the actual testing of the dynamic performance of the shaft seal pump test system.In the aspect of hardware structure, NI 9188XT series data microprocessing system is used, which has built-in signal conditioning circuit. The signal output by sensor goes through signal conditioning circuit, enters NI 9000 series data acquisition card, and finally imports into industrial control computer.Collect and process data.In the software part of the test system, the main panel program of LabVIEW program, data acquisition, test data statistics and other subprograms are designed.The digital filtering method is used to improve the measuring accuracy, sampling stability and reliability of pump performance parameters.Because of the high discretization of the signals collected by the system, the piecewise cubic curve fitting method based on the least square method is used to obtain the dynamic characteristic map.In view of the nonlinear, time-varying and uncertain control difficulties in flow control, fuzzy PID flow control subroutine is used in the shaft seal pump test system, and the flow rate is monitored and controlled in real time under the condition of variable working conditions of the axial seal pump.The whole system can monitor and display the parameters of shaft seal pump loop in real time, set parameters and flow control under variable working conditions, generate test dynamic curves, store and transfer test data, and so on.The initial sampling rate of the system is set at 1000 times per second, and the testing accuracy is 0.1%.The Matlab simulation results show that the flow control system of the shaft seal pump test system has the characteristics of small overshoot, good stability and fast response speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TM623.4

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