【摘要】：目前廣泛應(yīng)用于高性能慣導(dǎo)中的加速度計(jì)主要是石英擺式加速度計(jì),精度高,但抗高過(guò)載能力差。水銀加速度計(jì)具有抗高過(guò)載能力,但量程小,測(cè)量穩(wěn)定性不足。針對(duì)該現(xiàn)狀,本文提出了靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的方案構(gòu)想,并對(duì)該加速度計(jì)的原理進(jìn)行了深入研究,驗(yàn)證了該原理的可行性,設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)系統(tǒng),對(duì)該系統(tǒng)的功能進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)將靜電支撐技術(shù)與水銀加速度計(jì)相結(jié)合,具有抗高過(guò)載能力的同時(shí),利用水銀液滴的受控懸浮,提高了水銀加速度計(jì)的量程。研究?jī)?nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面：1.靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的原理研究。提出靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的方案構(gòu)想,用靜電力平衡慣性力,通過(guò)閉環(huán)控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)水銀液滴在靜電力作用下的穩(wěn)定懸浮,以液滴與極板的接觸面積變化作為平衡的判斷依據(jù),實(shí)現(xiàn)用電壓的測(cè)量獲取相應(yīng)的加速度信息。2.靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的可行性分析。研究水銀液滴多物理場(chǎng)作用下的受力情況,建立仿真模型,得出加速度、電壓的關(guān)系曲線,驗(yàn)證了該新原理加速度計(jì)的可行性。驗(yàn)證了靜電支撐技術(shù)能夠提高水銀加速度計(jì)的量程,并給出了該加速度計(jì)的性能參數(shù)。同時(shí),研究了影響懸浮電壓的物理參數(shù),將懸浮電壓降低到1kV以內(nèi),提高了該加速度計(jì)的應(yīng)用前景。3.靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。封裝水銀的結(jié)構(gòu)體設(shè)計(jì),完成水銀液滴的封裝；設(shè)計(jì)并搭建用于面積檢測(cè)的光學(xué)系統(tǒng),該光學(xué)系統(tǒng)可以完成液滴與上、下極板接觸面的面積檢測(cè),且可以定量描述面積大小和變化量。最后,對(duì)靜電支撐水銀加速度計(jì)的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了針對(duì)性實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)符合設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的指標(biāo)要求。
[Abstract]:At present, the accelerometer widely used in high performance inertial navigation is mainly quartz pendulum accelerometer, which has high precision but poor resistance to high overload. Mercury accelerometer has high overload resistance, but the range is small and the measurement stability is insufficient. In view of this situation, the scheme of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is put forward in this paper, and the principle of the accelerometer is deeply studied, the feasibility of the principle is verified, and the electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer system is designed and built. The function of the system is verified by experiments. Electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer combines electrostatic support technology with mercury accelerometer, which has the ability to resist high overload, and at the same time, the controlled suspension of mercury droplets is used to improve the range of mercury accelerometer. The research contents include the following aspects: 1. Study on the principle of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. The scheme of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is put forward. The stable suspension of mercury droplets under electrostatic force is realized by using electrostatic force to balance inertia force and closed loop control, and the change of contact area between droplets and plate is used as the basis of balance. The corresponding acceleration information is obtained by voltage measurement. 2. Feasibility analysis of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. The force acting on mercury droplets under the action of multi-physical field is studied, the simulation model is established, the relationship curve between acceleration and voltage is obtained, and the feasibility of the new principle accelerometer is verified. It is verified that the electrostatic support technology can improve the range of mercury accelerometer, and the performance parameters of the accelerometer are given. At the same time, the physical parameters affecting the suspension voltage are studied, and the suspension voltage is reduced to less than 1kV, which improves the application prospect of the accelerometer. System design of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. Package the structure of mercury, complete the packaging of mercury droplets; An optical system for area detection is designed and built. The optical system can detect the area of the contact surface between droplets and upper and lower plates, and can quantitatively describe the size and variation of the area. Finally, the system of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is tested, and the experimental results show that the system meets the requirements of the design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH824.4

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