【摘要】：肝臟是人體的解毒器官，同時在人體新陳代謝中還擔(dān)負(fù)著消化、分泌、去氧化等功能。肝臟作為人體重要的生理器官，一旦發(fā)生病變，嚴(yán)重影響人體正常的生理活動，甚至危及生命。近年來，中國肝臟疾病占全球肝病患者的比例逐年提高，至2014年底，肝癌患者占全球肝癌患者比例達(dá)到55%。由于受醫(yī)療資源分配不均的影響，我國成為了全球肝癌病死率最高的國家之一。肝臟疾病的發(fā)生，直接體現(xiàn)在肝臟組織細(xì)胞被破壞，肝臟儲備功能衰弱；肝儲備功能作為肝病臨床檢查的重要生理參數(shù)，同時也是術(shù)前、術(shù)后肝臟恢復(fù)的重要測量指標(biāo)。因此，如何有效的評定肝臟儲備功能對于肝臟疾病的早期診斷和治療具有重要的意義。 目前醫(yī)學(xué)上對于肝儲備功能的評估采用的是吲哚氰綠指示劑（ICG）稀釋原理的光學(xué)比色分析法，該方法需要多次采血，耗時長，給患者帶來了較大的精神壓力，且容易造成二次感染，影響患者身體恢復(fù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，為了給一些病情嚴(yán)重，行動不便的患者提供一種無創(chuàng)自動肝儲備功能檢測方法，提出了一種便攜式肝儲備功能分析儀的研究課題。 本課題在脈搏色素譜稀釋原理的基礎(chǔ)上，研制了一種可便攜的肝儲備功能分析儀，縮小了檢測設(shè)備的體積、實(shí)現(xiàn)了便攜式使用，克服了傳統(tǒng)檢測儀器的缺點(diǎn)和不足。論文主要從以下三個方面進(jìn)行闡述： 1．研究了朗伯-比爾定律和脈搏色素譜稀釋法的基本原理，將其應(yīng)用于人體，建立等效模型，并以人體指端作為測量部位，經(jīng)過一系列的推導(dǎo)分析，建立了肝儲備功能測量理論的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 2．將測量理論模型與An droid系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，搭建了基于An droid系統(tǒng)平臺的無創(chuàng)肝儲備測量系統(tǒng)，利用An droid系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)大的處理能力，，實(shí)現(xiàn)了便攜式肝儲備功能數(shù)據(jù)處理，臨床肝儲備功能評估。系統(tǒng)包括硬件、軟件兩方面，硬件部分主要完成：光電容積脈搏波信號拾取、信號調(diào)理、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換，最后由微控制器通過外圍模塊的藍(lán)牙串口傳至An droid操作平臺進(jìn)行分析處理及肝儲備功能評估。 3.將研制的樣機(jī)與無創(chuàng)肝功能分析儀進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對比，證明了其對肝儲備功能分析的準(zhǔn)確性、可靠性。
[Abstract]:Liver is the detoxification organ of human body, and it is also responsible for digestion, secretion, deoxidation and other functions in human metabolism. As an important physiological organ of human body, liver has serious influence on normal physiological activities and even endangers life once pathological changes occur. In recent years, the proportion of liver diseases in China has increased year by year. By the end of 2014, the proportion of liver cancer patients in the world has reached 55. Due to the uneven distribution of medical resources, China has become one of the countries with the highest mortality of liver cancer in the world. The occurrence of liver disease is directly reflected in the destruction of liver tissue cells and the debilitating function of liver reserve, which is an important physiological parameter for clinical examination of liver disease and an important measure of liver recovery before and after operation. Therefore, how to evaluate liver reserve function effectively is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. At present, the assessment of liver reserve function is based on optical colorimetric analysis of (ICG) dilution principle, which requires many blood samples and takes a long time, which brings great mental pressure to patients. And easy to cause secondary infection, affecting the patient's body recovery. On this basis, in order to provide a non-invasive automatic liver reserve function detection method for some patients with severe illness and difficulty of movement, a research topic of portable liver reserve function analyzer is proposed. Based on the dilution principle of pulse pigment spectrum, a portable liver reserve function analyzer is developed in this paper, which can reduce the volume of the detection equipment, realize the portable use, and overcome the shortcomings and shortcomings of the traditional detection instrument. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The basic principle of Lambert-Beer 's law and pulse pigment spectrum dilution method is studied, and applied to human body, an equivalent model is established, and the finger tip of human body is taken as the measuring position. After a series of derivation and analysis, a mathematical model of liver reserve function measurement theory is established. 2. Combining the measurement theory model with the An droid system, a non-invasive liver reserve measurement system based on the An droid system platform is built. The portable liver reserve function data processing is realized by using the powerful processing ability of the An droid system. Evaluation of clinical liver reserve function. The system includes two aspects: hardware and software. The hardware part is mainly completed: photoelectric volumetric pulse wave signal pickup, signal conditioning, A / D conversion. Finally, the microcontroller is transmitted to the An droid operating platform through the Bluetooth serial port of the peripheral module for analysis and assessment of liver reserve function. 3. The experimental results of the prototype were compared with that of the non-invasive liver function analyzer, and the accuracy and reliability of the analysis of liver reserve function were proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH789

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